Downregulation of the Unfolded Protein Response Links Metformin Treatment to Good Clinical Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer Patients

Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression. However, metformin-treated diabetic CRC patients tend to have better clinical outcomes than those managed by other means. To better characterize the molecular underpinnings of metformin’s protective effects, we...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Mary L. Fay, Chris Nicol, Christine Orr, Brooke Wilson, David Hurlbut, Harriet Feilotter, Scott Davey
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-02-01
Series:Current Oncology
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/32/3/138
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Summary:Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression. However, metformin-treated diabetic CRC patients tend to have better clinical outcomes than those managed by other means. To better characterize the molecular underpinnings of metformin’s protective effects, we performed a targeted transcriptomic analysis of primary CRC tissue samples (<i>n</i> = 272). A supervised learning algorithm pinpointed molecular features that discriminate between metformin-treated and diet-controlled diabetic CRC samples, as well as those that discriminated between non-diabetic samples based on their five-year overall survival status. Our results show downregulation of TMEM132 in metformin-treated samples (<i>p</i> = 0.05) and non-diabetics with good clinical outcomes (<i>p</i> = 0.05) relative to diet-controlled and non-diabetics with poor survival, respectively. Furthermore, upregulation of SCNN1A is observed in metformin-treated samples (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and non-diabetics with good clinical outcomes (<i>p</i> = 0.01) relative to diet-controlled samples and those with poor clinical outcomes, respectively. We also show that the antiapoptotic protein sFas is downregulated in metformin-treated samples relative to diet-controlled samples (<i>p</i> = 0.005). These findings suggest a role for the unfolded protein response in mediating metformin-related CRC-protective effects by enhancing apoptosis and suggest the investigation of these proteins as targets for novel CRC therapies.
ISSN:1198-0052
1718-7729