The Improved Measurement of Building Thermal Transmittance in Zagreb Using a Temperature-Based Method
Theoretical <i>U</i>-values, which measure thermal transmittance, can be calculated based on the thermal parameters of an opaque element’s layers. However, practical measurements are essential to validate these theoretical values. The heat flux meter (HFM) method, is a widely accepted st...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/11/3456 |
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| author | Igor Štambuk Roman Malarić Ivica Bakota Zvonko Trzun |
| author_facet | Igor Štambuk Roman Malarić Ivica Bakota Zvonko Trzun |
| author_sort | Igor Štambuk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Theoretical <i>U</i>-values, which measure thermal transmittance, can be calculated based on the thermal parameters of an opaque element’s layers. However, practical measurements are essential to validate these theoretical values. The heat flux meter (HFM) method, is a widely accepted standard for such measurements. Despite its prevalence, the HFM method faces challenges, including wall surface roughness, ensuring proper contact between measurement devices and surfaces, and weather-related fluctuations. This study introduces a prototype system that employs a modified temperature-based method (TBM) to address these challenges. The paper provides a detailed comparison of thermal transmittance measurements obtained using both the modified TBM and the HFM method. The results showed <i>U</i>-value differences between the two methods. Additionally, these experimental findings were compared with theoretical calculations, highlighting the efficacy and potential of the modified TBM as an alternative approach for accurate <i>U</i>-value determination. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5198fcd0b9314db794fc97bedd6367d2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-5198fcd0b9314db794fc97bedd6367d22025-08-20T03:46:45ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-05-012511345610.3390/s25113456The Improved Measurement of Building Thermal Transmittance in Zagreb Using a Temperature-Based MethodIgor Štambuk0Roman Malarić1Ivica Bakota2Zvonko Trzun3University of Defense and Security, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaFaculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaVIB Buildings, 21300 Makarska, CroatiaUniversity of Defense and Security, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaTheoretical <i>U</i>-values, which measure thermal transmittance, can be calculated based on the thermal parameters of an opaque element’s layers. However, practical measurements are essential to validate these theoretical values. The heat flux meter (HFM) method, is a widely accepted standard for such measurements. Despite its prevalence, the HFM method faces challenges, including wall surface roughness, ensuring proper contact between measurement devices and surfaces, and weather-related fluctuations. This study introduces a prototype system that employs a modified temperature-based method (TBM) to address these challenges. The paper provides a detailed comparison of thermal transmittance measurements obtained using both the modified TBM and the HFM method. The results showed <i>U</i>-value differences between the two methods. Additionally, these experimental findings were compared with theoretical calculations, highlighting the efficacy and potential of the modified TBM as an alternative approach for accurate <i>U</i>-value determination.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/11/3456thermal transmittanceheat flow meteropaque elementbuildings |
| spellingShingle | Igor Štambuk Roman Malarić Ivica Bakota Zvonko Trzun The Improved Measurement of Building Thermal Transmittance in Zagreb Using a Temperature-Based Method Sensors thermal transmittance heat flow meter opaque element buildings |
| title | The Improved Measurement of Building Thermal Transmittance in Zagreb Using a Temperature-Based Method |
| title_full | The Improved Measurement of Building Thermal Transmittance in Zagreb Using a Temperature-Based Method |
| title_fullStr | The Improved Measurement of Building Thermal Transmittance in Zagreb Using a Temperature-Based Method |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Improved Measurement of Building Thermal Transmittance in Zagreb Using a Temperature-Based Method |
| title_short | The Improved Measurement of Building Thermal Transmittance in Zagreb Using a Temperature-Based Method |
| title_sort | improved measurement of building thermal transmittance in zagreb using a temperature based method |
| topic | thermal transmittance heat flow meter opaque element buildings |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/11/3456 |
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