Quantum phase transition and composite excitations of antiferromagnetic spin trimer chains in a magnetic field
Abstract Motivated by recent advancements in theoretical and experimental studies of the high-energy excitations on an antiferromagnetic trimer chain, we numerically investigate the quantum phase transition and composite dynamics in this system by applying a magnetic field. The numerical methods we...
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Nature Portfolio
2024-11-01
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| Series: | npj Quantum Materials |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-024-00705-8 |
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| author | Jun-Qing Cheng Zhi-Yao Ning Han-Qing Wu Dao-Xin Yao |
| author_facet | Jun-Qing Cheng Zhi-Yao Ning Han-Qing Wu Dao-Xin Yao |
| author_sort | Jun-Qing Cheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Motivated by recent advancements in theoretical and experimental studies of the high-energy excitations on an antiferromagnetic trimer chain, we numerically investigate the quantum phase transition and composite dynamics in this system by applying a magnetic field. The numerical methods we used include the exact diagonalization, density matrix renormalization group, time-dependent variational principle, and cluster perturbation theory. From calculating the entanglement entropy, we have revealed the phase diagram which includes the XY-I, 1/3 magnetization plateau, XY-II, and ferromagnetic phases. Both the critical XY-I and XY-II phases are characterized by the conformal field theory with a central charge c ≃ 1. By analyzing the dynamic spin structure factor, we elucidate the distinct features of spin dynamics across different phases. In the regime with weak intertrimer interaction, we identify the intermediate-energy and high-energy modes in the XY-I and 1/3 magnetization plateau phases as internal trimer excitations, corresponding to the propagating of doublons and quartons, respectively. Notably, applying a magnetic field splits the high-energy spectrum into two branches, labeled as the upper quarton and lower quarton. Furthermore, we explore the spin dynamics of a frustrated trimerized model closely related to the quantum magnet Na2Cu3Ge4O12. In the end, we extend our discuss on the possibility of the quarton Bose-Einstein condensation in the trimer systems. Our results are expected to be further verified through the inelastic neutron scattering and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering, and also provide valuable insights for exploring high-energy exotic excitations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-517e9c9bd6a6472caef908c36c645e9c |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2397-4648 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | npj Quantum Materials |
| spelling | doaj-art-517e9c9bd6a6472caef908c36c645e9c2025-08-20T02:51:42ZengNature Portfolionpj Quantum Materials2397-46482024-11-019111210.1038/s41535-024-00705-8Quantum phase transition and composite excitations of antiferromagnetic spin trimer chains in a magnetic fieldJun-Qing Cheng0Zhi-Yao Ning1Han-Qing Wu2Dao-Xin Yao3State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Center for Neutron Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices, School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Center for Neutron Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices, School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Center for Neutron Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices, School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Center for Neutron Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices, School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen UniversityAbstract Motivated by recent advancements in theoretical and experimental studies of the high-energy excitations on an antiferromagnetic trimer chain, we numerically investigate the quantum phase transition and composite dynamics in this system by applying a magnetic field. The numerical methods we used include the exact diagonalization, density matrix renormalization group, time-dependent variational principle, and cluster perturbation theory. From calculating the entanglement entropy, we have revealed the phase diagram which includes the XY-I, 1/3 magnetization plateau, XY-II, and ferromagnetic phases. Both the critical XY-I and XY-II phases are characterized by the conformal field theory with a central charge c ≃ 1. By analyzing the dynamic spin structure factor, we elucidate the distinct features of spin dynamics across different phases. In the regime with weak intertrimer interaction, we identify the intermediate-energy and high-energy modes in the XY-I and 1/3 magnetization plateau phases as internal trimer excitations, corresponding to the propagating of doublons and quartons, respectively. Notably, applying a magnetic field splits the high-energy spectrum into two branches, labeled as the upper quarton and lower quarton. Furthermore, we explore the spin dynamics of a frustrated trimerized model closely related to the quantum magnet Na2Cu3Ge4O12. In the end, we extend our discuss on the possibility of the quarton Bose-Einstein condensation in the trimer systems. Our results are expected to be further verified through the inelastic neutron scattering and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering, and also provide valuable insights for exploring high-energy exotic excitations.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-024-00705-8 |
| spellingShingle | Jun-Qing Cheng Zhi-Yao Ning Han-Qing Wu Dao-Xin Yao Quantum phase transition and composite excitations of antiferromagnetic spin trimer chains in a magnetic field npj Quantum Materials |
| title | Quantum phase transition and composite excitations of antiferromagnetic spin trimer chains in a magnetic field |
| title_full | Quantum phase transition and composite excitations of antiferromagnetic spin trimer chains in a magnetic field |
| title_fullStr | Quantum phase transition and composite excitations of antiferromagnetic spin trimer chains in a magnetic field |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantum phase transition and composite excitations of antiferromagnetic spin trimer chains in a magnetic field |
| title_short | Quantum phase transition and composite excitations of antiferromagnetic spin trimer chains in a magnetic field |
| title_sort | quantum phase transition and composite excitations of antiferromagnetic spin trimer chains in a magnetic field |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-024-00705-8 |
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