Partial rejuvenation of the spermatogonial stem cell niche after gender-affirming hormone therapy in trans women

Although the impact of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) on spermatogenesis in trans women has already been studied, data on its precise effects on the testicular environment is poor. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize, through histological and transcriptomic analysis, the spermatogon...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Emily Delgouffe, Samuel Madureira Silva, Frédéric Chalmel, Wilfried Cools, Camille Raets, Kelly Tilleman, Guy T'Sjoen, Yoni Baert, Ellen Goossens
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: eLife Sciences Publications Ltd 2025-01-01
Series:eLife
Subjects:
Online Access:https://elifesciences.org/articles/94825
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850084551694483456
author Emily Delgouffe
Samuel Madureira Silva
Frédéric Chalmel
Wilfried Cools
Camille Raets
Kelly Tilleman
Guy T'Sjoen
Yoni Baert
Ellen Goossens
author_facet Emily Delgouffe
Samuel Madureira Silva
Frédéric Chalmel
Wilfried Cools
Camille Raets
Kelly Tilleman
Guy T'Sjoen
Yoni Baert
Ellen Goossens
author_sort Emily Delgouffe
collection DOAJ
description Although the impact of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) on spermatogenesis in trans women has already been studied, data on its precise effects on the testicular environment is poor. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize, through histological and transcriptomic analysis, the spermatogonial stem cell niche of 106 trans women who underwent standardized GAHT, comprising estrogens and cyproterone acetate. A partial dedifferentiation of Sertoli cells was observed, marked by the co-expression of androgen receptor and anti-Müllerian hormone which mirrors the situation in peripubertal boys. The Leydig cells also exhibited a distribution analogous to peripubertal tissue, accompanied by a reduced insulin-like factor 3 expression. Although most peritubular myoid cells expressed alpha-smooth muscle actin 2, the expression pattern was disturbed. Besides this, fibrosis was particularly evident in the tubular wall and the lumen was collapsing in most participants. A spermatogenic arrest was also observed in all participants. The transcriptomic profile of transgender tissue confirmed a loss of mature characteristics - a partial rejuvenation - of the spermatogonial stem cell niche and, in addition, detected inflammation processes occurring in the samples. The present study shows that GAHT changes the spermatogonial stem cell niche by partially rejuvenating the somatic cells and inducing fibrotic processes. These findings are important to further understand how estrogens and testosterone suppression affect the testis environment, and in the case of orchidectomized testes as medical waste material, their potential use in research.
format Article
id doaj-art-5179e04a3b524d73a813e156e170fba6
institution DOAJ
issn 2050-084X
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
record_format Article
series eLife
spelling doaj-art-5179e04a3b524d73a813e156e170fba62025-08-20T02:43:59ZengeLife Sciences Publications LtdeLife2050-084X2025-01-011310.7554/eLife.94825Partial rejuvenation of the spermatogonial stem cell niche after gender-affirming hormone therapy in trans womenEmily Delgouffe0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5611-2173Samuel Madureira Silva1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0833-123XFrédéric Chalmel2Wilfried Cools3Camille Raets4Kelly Tilleman5Guy T'Sjoen6Yoni Baert7Ellen Goossens8Biology of the Testis (BITE) Laboratory, Genetics, Reproduction and Development (GRAD) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BelgiumBiology of the Testis (BITE) Laboratory, Genetics, Reproduction and Development (GRAD) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BelgiumInserm, EHESP, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET), Université de Rennes, Rennes, FranceCore facility, Support for Quantitative and Qualitative Research (SQUARE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BelgiumCore facility, Support for Quantitative and Qualitative Research (SQUARE), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BelgiumDepartment for Reproductive Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, BelgiumDepartment of Endocrinology and Center for Sexology and Gender, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, BelgiumBiology of the Testis (BITE) Laboratory, Genetics, Reproduction and Development (GRAD) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium; In Vitro Toxicology and Dermato-Cosmetology (IVTD), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BelgiumBiology of the Testis (BITE) Laboratory, Genetics, Reproduction and Development (GRAD) Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, BelgiumAlthough the impact of gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) on spermatogenesis in trans women has already been studied, data on its precise effects on the testicular environment is poor. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize, through histological and transcriptomic analysis, the spermatogonial stem cell niche of 106 trans women who underwent standardized GAHT, comprising estrogens and cyproterone acetate. A partial dedifferentiation of Sertoli cells was observed, marked by the co-expression of androgen receptor and anti-Müllerian hormone which mirrors the situation in peripubertal boys. The Leydig cells also exhibited a distribution analogous to peripubertal tissue, accompanied by a reduced insulin-like factor 3 expression. Although most peritubular myoid cells expressed alpha-smooth muscle actin 2, the expression pattern was disturbed. Besides this, fibrosis was particularly evident in the tubular wall and the lumen was collapsing in most participants. A spermatogenic arrest was also observed in all participants. The transcriptomic profile of transgender tissue confirmed a loss of mature characteristics - a partial rejuvenation - of the spermatogonial stem cell niche and, in addition, detected inflammation processes occurring in the samples. The present study shows that GAHT changes the spermatogonial stem cell niche by partially rejuvenating the somatic cells and inducing fibrotic processes. These findings are important to further understand how estrogens and testosterone suppression affect the testis environment, and in the case of orchidectomized testes as medical waste material, their potential use in research.https://elifesciences.org/articles/94825transgender womenspermatogonial stem cellstesticular tissuespermatogenesishormonal treatmentgerm cells
spellingShingle Emily Delgouffe
Samuel Madureira Silva
Frédéric Chalmel
Wilfried Cools
Camille Raets
Kelly Tilleman
Guy T'Sjoen
Yoni Baert
Ellen Goossens
Partial rejuvenation of the spermatogonial stem cell niche after gender-affirming hormone therapy in trans women
eLife
transgender women
spermatogonial stem cells
testicular tissue
spermatogenesis
hormonal treatment
germ cells
title Partial rejuvenation of the spermatogonial stem cell niche after gender-affirming hormone therapy in trans women
title_full Partial rejuvenation of the spermatogonial stem cell niche after gender-affirming hormone therapy in trans women
title_fullStr Partial rejuvenation of the spermatogonial stem cell niche after gender-affirming hormone therapy in trans women
title_full_unstemmed Partial rejuvenation of the spermatogonial stem cell niche after gender-affirming hormone therapy in trans women
title_short Partial rejuvenation of the spermatogonial stem cell niche after gender-affirming hormone therapy in trans women
title_sort partial rejuvenation of the spermatogonial stem cell niche after gender affirming hormone therapy in trans women
topic transgender women
spermatogonial stem cells
testicular tissue
spermatogenesis
hormonal treatment
germ cells
url https://elifesciences.org/articles/94825
work_keys_str_mv AT emilydelgouffe partialrejuvenationofthespermatogonialstemcellnicheaftergenderaffirminghormonetherapyintranswomen
AT samuelmadureirasilva partialrejuvenationofthespermatogonialstemcellnicheaftergenderaffirminghormonetherapyintranswomen
AT fredericchalmel partialrejuvenationofthespermatogonialstemcellnicheaftergenderaffirminghormonetherapyintranswomen
AT wilfriedcools partialrejuvenationofthespermatogonialstemcellnicheaftergenderaffirminghormonetherapyintranswomen
AT camilleraets partialrejuvenationofthespermatogonialstemcellnicheaftergenderaffirminghormonetherapyintranswomen
AT kellytilleman partialrejuvenationofthespermatogonialstemcellnicheaftergenderaffirminghormonetherapyintranswomen
AT guytsjoen partialrejuvenationofthespermatogonialstemcellnicheaftergenderaffirminghormonetherapyintranswomen
AT yonibaert partialrejuvenationofthespermatogonialstemcellnicheaftergenderaffirminghormonetherapyintranswomen
AT ellengoossens partialrejuvenationofthespermatogonialstemcellnicheaftergenderaffirminghormonetherapyintranswomen