Plot‐level satellite imagery can substitute for UAVs in assessing maize phenotypes across multistate field trials

Societal Impact Statement Maize plays a key role in agricultural profitability and food security on six continents. Successful efforts to breed higher‐yielding maize varieties depend on replicated yield trials in many environments. Capturing in‐season data can help improve and accelerate the develop...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Nikee Shrestha, Anirudha Powadi, Jensina Davis, Timilehin T. Ayanlade, Huyu Liu, Michael C. Tross, Ramesh K. Mathivanan, Jordan Bares, Lina Lopez‐Corona, Jonathan Turkus, Lisa Coffey, Talukder Zaki Jubery, Yufeng Ge, Soumik Sarkar, James C. Schnable, Baskar Ganapathysubramanian, Patrick S. Schnable
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-07-01
Series:Plants, People, Planet
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10613
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849333996264095744
author Nikee Shrestha
Anirudha Powadi
Jensina Davis
Timilehin T. Ayanlade
Huyu Liu
Michael C. Tross
Ramesh K. Mathivanan
Jordan Bares
Lina Lopez‐Corona
Jonathan Turkus
Lisa Coffey
Talukder Zaki Jubery
Yufeng Ge
Soumik Sarkar
James C. Schnable
Baskar Ganapathysubramanian
Patrick S. Schnable
author_facet Nikee Shrestha
Anirudha Powadi
Jensina Davis
Timilehin T. Ayanlade
Huyu Liu
Michael C. Tross
Ramesh K. Mathivanan
Jordan Bares
Lina Lopez‐Corona
Jonathan Turkus
Lisa Coffey
Talukder Zaki Jubery
Yufeng Ge
Soumik Sarkar
James C. Schnable
Baskar Ganapathysubramanian
Patrick S. Schnable
author_sort Nikee Shrestha
collection DOAJ
description Societal Impact Statement Maize plays a key role in agricultural profitability and food security on six continents. Successful efforts to breed higher‐yielding maize varieties depend on replicated yield trials in many environments. Capturing in‐season data can help improve and accelerate the development of regionally adapted hybrids, but collecting these data can be impractical in many locations. We demonstrate that satellite remote sensing could play a similar role in crop performance assessment as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) but with far lower labor costs and the greatest ease of collection at remote field sites. This dataset and benchmarks have the potential to enable predictive models that could guide farmers and crop breeders in decision‐making. Summary Accurate early yield estimates at fields and plots offer potential benefits to farmers in optimizing their agronomic practices and breeders in screening thousands of varieties contributing to improving agriculture and food production systems. Effective approaches to track plant growth and predict yield require large datasets of remote sensing and ground truth data collected across multiple environments. Low‐altitude drone flights are increasingly being used to collect data from field evaluations of new crop varieties, while satellite imagery is being explored to track yield and management practices at regional scales. Satellite platforms exhibit logistical and technical advantages in scalability and accessibility and could facilitate plot‐level predictions, especially with steadily improving spatial resolution. However, plot‐level, high‐resolution satellite images capturing differences in genotypes from multiple environments with ground truth measurements are not publicly available. Here, we generated, described, and evaluated over 20,000 plot‐level images of over 80 hybrid maize varieties grown across the US corn belt under various management practices collected from (near simultaneous) satellite and drone (synonym UAVs, UASs) flights integrated with ground truth yield measurement. Of the six baseline models examined, models employing data collected from satellite images often matched the performance of models employing drone images for both within and cross‐environment yield prediction.
format Article
id doaj-art-509b9c10cec44ec3b56de3c3d617cfd4
institution Kabale University
issn 2572-2611
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Wiley
record_format Article
series Plants, People, Planet
spelling doaj-art-509b9c10cec44ec3b56de3c3d617cfd42025-08-20T03:45:41ZengWileyPlants, People, Planet2572-26112025-07-01741011102610.1002/ppp3.10613Plot‐level satellite imagery can substitute for UAVs in assessing maize phenotypes across multistate field trialsNikee Shrestha0Anirudha Powadi1Jensina Davis2Timilehin T. Ayanlade3Huyu Liu4Michael C. Tross5Ramesh K. Mathivanan6Jordan Bares7Lina Lopez‐Corona8Jonathan Turkus9Lisa Coffey10Talukder Zaki Jubery11Yufeng Ge12Soumik Sarkar13James C. Schnable14Baskar Ganapathysubramanian15Patrick S. Schnable16Center for Plant Science Innovation University of Nebraska‐Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State University Ames Iowa USACenter for Plant Science Innovation University of Nebraska‐Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State University Ames Iowa USADepartment of Agronomy Iowa State University Ames Iowa USACenter for Plant Science Innovation University of Nebraska‐Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USACenter for Plant Science Innovation University of Nebraska‐Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USACenter for Plant Science Innovation University of Nebraska‐Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USACenter for Plant Science Innovation University of Nebraska‐Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USACenter for Plant Science Innovation University of Nebraska‐Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USADepartment of Agronomy Iowa State University Ames Iowa USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State University Ames Iowa USACenter for Plant Science Innovation University of Nebraska‐Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State University Ames Iowa USACenter for Plant Science Innovation University of Nebraska‐Lincoln Lincoln Nebraska USADepartment of Mechanical Engineering Iowa State University Ames Iowa USADepartment of Agronomy Iowa State University Ames Iowa USASocietal Impact Statement Maize plays a key role in agricultural profitability and food security on six continents. Successful efforts to breed higher‐yielding maize varieties depend on replicated yield trials in many environments. Capturing in‐season data can help improve and accelerate the development of regionally adapted hybrids, but collecting these data can be impractical in many locations. We demonstrate that satellite remote sensing could play a similar role in crop performance assessment as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) but with far lower labor costs and the greatest ease of collection at remote field sites. This dataset and benchmarks have the potential to enable predictive models that could guide farmers and crop breeders in decision‐making. Summary Accurate early yield estimates at fields and plots offer potential benefits to farmers in optimizing their agronomic practices and breeders in screening thousands of varieties contributing to improving agriculture and food production systems. Effective approaches to track plant growth and predict yield require large datasets of remote sensing and ground truth data collected across multiple environments. Low‐altitude drone flights are increasingly being used to collect data from field evaluations of new crop varieties, while satellite imagery is being explored to track yield and management practices at regional scales. Satellite platforms exhibit logistical and technical advantages in scalability and accessibility and could facilitate plot‐level predictions, especially with steadily improving spatial resolution. However, plot‐level, high‐resolution satellite images capturing differences in genotypes from multiple environments with ground truth measurements are not publicly available. Here, we generated, described, and evaluated over 20,000 plot‐level images of over 80 hybrid maize varieties grown across the US corn belt under various management practices collected from (near simultaneous) satellite and drone (synonym UAVs, UASs) flights integrated with ground truth yield measurement. Of the six baseline models examined, models employing data collected from satellite images often matched the performance of models employing drone images for both within and cross‐environment yield prediction.https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10613
spellingShingle Nikee Shrestha
Anirudha Powadi
Jensina Davis
Timilehin T. Ayanlade
Huyu Liu
Michael C. Tross
Ramesh K. Mathivanan
Jordan Bares
Lina Lopez‐Corona
Jonathan Turkus
Lisa Coffey
Talukder Zaki Jubery
Yufeng Ge
Soumik Sarkar
James C. Schnable
Baskar Ganapathysubramanian
Patrick S. Schnable
Plot‐level satellite imagery can substitute for UAVs in assessing maize phenotypes across multistate field trials
Plants, People, Planet
title Plot‐level satellite imagery can substitute for UAVs in assessing maize phenotypes across multistate field trials
title_full Plot‐level satellite imagery can substitute for UAVs in assessing maize phenotypes across multistate field trials
title_fullStr Plot‐level satellite imagery can substitute for UAVs in assessing maize phenotypes across multistate field trials
title_full_unstemmed Plot‐level satellite imagery can substitute for UAVs in assessing maize phenotypes across multistate field trials
title_short Plot‐level satellite imagery can substitute for UAVs in assessing maize phenotypes across multistate field trials
title_sort plot level satellite imagery can substitute for uavs in assessing maize phenotypes across multistate field trials
url https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10613
work_keys_str_mv AT nikeeshrestha plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT anirudhapowadi plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT jensinadavis plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT timilehintayanlade plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT huyuliu plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT michaelctross plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT rameshkmathivanan plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT jordanbares plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT linalopezcorona plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT jonathanturkus plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT lisacoffey plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT talukderzakijubery plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT yufengge plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT soumiksarkar plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT jamescschnable plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT baskarganapathysubramanian plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials
AT patricksschnable plotlevelsatelliteimagerycansubstituteforuavsinassessingmaizephenotypesacrossmultistatefieldtrials