Keep it simple: Fast processing of periodic BCZT structures by combination of VPP and replica technique

The replica technique has been widely used and continuously improved over the last decades. Pore size, distribution and strut geometry remain constrained by the polyurethane (PU) template. Periodic lattices are with special interest given to biomaterials and can be made by advanced replica technique...

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Main Authors: Swantje Funk, Edwyn Wolf, Michelle Weichelt, Alexander Martin, Ken-ichi Kakimoto, Tobias Fey
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Open Ceramics
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666539525000288
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author Swantje Funk
Edwyn Wolf
Michelle Weichelt
Alexander Martin
Ken-ichi Kakimoto
Tobias Fey
author_facet Swantje Funk
Edwyn Wolf
Michelle Weichelt
Alexander Martin
Ken-ichi Kakimoto
Tobias Fey
author_sort Swantje Funk
collection DOAJ
description The replica technique has been widely used and continuously improved over the last decades. Pore size, distribution and strut geometry remain constrained by the polyurethane (PU) template. Periodic lattices are with special interest given to biomaterials and can be made by advanced replica technique, which offers precise control over the porosity of materials by using an adjustable 3D-printed template, the Kelvin cell. They were coated with a sol-gel Barium Calcium Zirconate Titanate (BCZT) based slurry achieving high d33 values of up to 33 ± 9 pC/N despite a porosity of 54 %. The upscaled approach of sol-gel BCZT synthesis was mandatory, as previous studies were not able to produce sufficient quantities. The findings indicate that the advanced replica technique enables the targeted adjustment of open and interconnected porosity in biomaterials, while BCZT exhibits favorable piezoelectric characteristics even for high porosities, further underscoring its potential in biomedical applications as a replacement/supplement to bioglass.
format Article
id doaj-art-5087992a998d480cb3e82489e4243ba3
institution DOAJ
issn 2666-5395
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publishDate 2025-06-01
publisher Elsevier
record_format Article
series Open Ceramics
spelling doaj-art-5087992a998d480cb3e82489e4243ba32025-08-20T03:20:56ZengElsevierOpen Ceramics2666-53952025-06-012210076110.1016/j.oceram.2025.100761Keep it simple: Fast processing of periodic BCZT structures by combination of VPP and replica techniqueSwantje Funk0Edwyn Wolf1Michelle Weichelt2Alexander Martin3Ken-ichi Kakimoto4Tobias Fey5Department of Material Science and Engineering, Institute of Glass and Ceramics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstr. 5, D-91058 Erlangen, GermanyDepartment of Material Science and Engineering, Institute of Glass and Ceramics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstr. 5, D-91058 Erlangen, GermanyDepartment of Material Science and Engineering, Institute of Glass and Ceramics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstr. 5, D-91058 Erlangen, GermanyNITech Doctoral Global Academy, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, JapanNITech Doctoral Global Academy, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, JapanDepartment of Material Science and Engineering, Institute of Glass and Ceramics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Martensstr. 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany; NITech Doctoral Global Academy, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan; Corresponding author.The replica technique has been widely used and continuously improved over the last decades. Pore size, distribution and strut geometry remain constrained by the polyurethane (PU) template. Periodic lattices are with special interest given to biomaterials and can be made by advanced replica technique, which offers precise control over the porosity of materials by using an adjustable 3D-printed template, the Kelvin cell. They were coated with a sol-gel Barium Calcium Zirconate Titanate (BCZT) based slurry achieving high d33 values of up to 33 ± 9 pC/N despite a porosity of 54 %. The upscaled approach of sol-gel BCZT synthesis was mandatory, as previous studies were not able to produce sufficient quantities. The findings indicate that the advanced replica technique enables the targeted adjustment of open and interconnected porosity in biomaterials, while BCZT exhibits favorable piezoelectric characteristics even for high porosities, further underscoring its potential in biomedical applications as a replacement/supplement to bioglass.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666539525000288Kelvin cellsAdvanced replica technologyBioceramics
spellingShingle Swantje Funk
Edwyn Wolf
Michelle Weichelt
Alexander Martin
Ken-ichi Kakimoto
Tobias Fey
Keep it simple: Fast processing of periodic BCZT structures by combination of VPP and replica technique
Open Ceramics
Kelvin cells
Advanced replica technology
Bioceramics
title Keep it simple: Fast processing of periodic BCZT structures by combination of VPP and replica technique
title_full Keep it simple: Fast processing of periodic BCZT structures by combination of VPP and replica technique
title_fullStr Keep it simple: Fast processing of periodic BCZT structures by combination of VPP and replica technique
title_full_unstemmed Keep it simple: Fast processing of periodic BCZT structures by combination of VPP and replica technique
title_short Keep it simple: Fast processing of periodic BCZT structures by combination of VPP and replica technique
title_sort keep it simple fast processing of periodic bczt structures by combination of vpp and replica technique
topic Kelvin cells
Advanced replica technology
Bioceramics
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666539525000288
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