Metasurface-Refractive Hybrid Lens Modeling with Vector Field Physical Optics
Metasurfaces (MSs) have emerged as a promising technology for optical system design. When combined with traditional refractive optics, MS-refractive hybrid lenses can enhance imaging performance, reduce optical aberrations, and introduce new functionalities such as polarization control. However, mod...
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MDPI AG
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Photonics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/4/401 |
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| author | Ko-Han Shih C. Kyle Renshaw |
| author_facet | Ko-Han Shih C. Kyle Renshaw |
| author_sort | Ko-Han Shih |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Metasurfaces (MSs) have emerged as a promising technology for optical system design. When combined with traditional refractive optics, MS-refractive hybrid lenses can enhance imaging performance, reduce optical aberrations, and introduce new functionalities such as polarization control. However, modeling these hybrid lenses requires advanced simulation techniques that usually go beyond conventional raytracing tools. This work presents a physical optics framework for modeling MS-refractive hybrid lenses. We introduce a ray-wave hybrid method that integrates multiple propagation techniques to account for vector wave propagation through various optical elements. At the center of the proposed framework is the Gaussian decomposition method for modeling beam propagation through refractive optics. Ray-path diffraction is automatically considered in this method, and complex input wavefront can be modeled as well. Several techniques are integrated to ensure accuracy in decomposing an incoming vector wave into Gaussian beamlets, such as adaptive consideration of local wavefront principal curvatures and best-fit beam width estimation from the local covariance matrix. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, we apply it to several hybrid lens designs, including polarization-sensitive MSs and aberration-correcting MSs integrated into complex optical systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-507a079d4f4640f2829a65f0ebef205b |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2304-6732 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Photonics |
| spelling | doaj-art-507a079d4f4640f2829a65f0ebef205b2025-08-20T02:28:38ZengMDPI AGPhotonics2304-67322025-04-0112440110.3390/photonics12040401Metasurface-Refractive Hybrid Lens Modeling with Vector Field Physical OpticsKo-Han Shih0C. Kyle Renshaw1College of Optics and Photonics, CREOL, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USACollege of Optics and Photonics, CREOL, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USAMetasurfaces (MSs) have emerged as a promising technology for optical system design. When combined with traditional refractive optics, MS-refractive hybrid lenses can enhance imaging performance, reduce optical aberrations, and introduce new functionalities such as polarization control. However, modeling these hybrid lenses requires advanced simulation techniques that usually go beyond conventional raytracing tools. This work presents a physical optics framework for modeling MS-refractive hybrid lenses. We introduce a ray-wave hybrid method that integrates multiple propagation techniques to account for vector wave propagation through various optical elements. At the center of the proposed framework is the Gaussian decomposition method for modeling beam propagation through refractive optics. Ray-path diffraction is automatically considered in this method, and complex input wavefront can be modeled as well. Several techniques are integrated to ensure accuracy in decomposing an incoming vector wave into Gaussian beamlets, such as adaptive consideration of local wavefront principal curvatures and best-fit beam width estimation from the local covariance matrix. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, we apply it to several hybrid lens designs, including polarization-sensitive MSs and aberration-correcting MSs integrated into complex optical systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/4/401metasurfacehybrid lensphysical opticsgaussian decomposition method |
| spellingShingle | Ko-Han Shih C. Kyle Renshaw Metasurface-Refractive Hybrid Lens Modeling with Vector Field Physical Optics Photonics metasurface hybrid lens physical optics gaussian decomposition method |
| title | Metasurface-Refractive Hybrid Lens Modeling with Vector Field Physical Optics |
| title_full | Metasurface-Refractive Hybrid Lens Modeling with Vector Field Physical Optics |
| title_fullStr | Metasurface-Refractive Hybrid Lens Modeling with Vector Field Physical Optics |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metasurface-Refractive Hybrid Lens Modeling with Vector Field Physical Optics |
| title_short | Metasurface-Refractive Hybrid Lens Modeling with Vector Field Physical Optics |
| title_sort | metasurface refractive hybrid lens modeling with vector field physical optics |
| topic | metasurface hybrid lens physical optics gaussian decomposition method |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6732/12/4/401 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kohanshih metasurfacerefractivehybridlensmodelingwithvectorfieldphysicaloptics AT ckylerenshaw metasurfacerefractivehybridlensmodelingwithvectorfieldphysicaloptics |