Triethylamine-Capped Calcium Phosphate Oligomers/Polyacrylamide Synergistically Reinforced <i>α</i>-Hemihydrate Gypsum Composites: A Mechanistic Study on Mechanical Strengthening via Organic/Inorganic Interpenetrating Networks

Triethylamine-Capped Calcium Phosphate Oligomers/Polyacrylamide Synergistically Reinforced <i>α</i>-Hemihydrate Gypsum Composites: A Mechanistic Study on Mechanical Strengthening via Organic/Inorganic Interpenetrating Networks

In this study, a novel calcium phosphate/polyacrylamide copolymer/<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-type hemihydrate gypsum (C...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yuan Chen, Li Chen, Hao Li, Bin Zhang, Marie-Christine Record, Pascal Boulet, Juan Wang, Jan-Michael Albina, Yi Yang, Weiliang Ma
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Molecules
Subjects:
<i>α</i>-type hemihydrate gypsum
gypsum polymer composites
polyacrylamide hydrogel
multi-network structure
mechanical enhancement
gypsum modification
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/30/9/2002
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Summary:In this study, a novel calcium phosphate/polyacrylamide copolymer/<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-type hemihydrate gypsum (CPO/PAM/<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-HHG) composite material was prepared by polymerising a stable inorganic CPO precursor, end-capped with triethylamine (TEA), with an organic polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogel to form a CPO/PAM precursor solution. Subsequently, this precursor solution was mixed with inorganic <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-hemihydrate gypsum. The effects of CPO/PAM precursor addition and CPO addition on the slurry flowability, initial setting time, and mechanical properties of hardened specimens of the CPO/PAM/<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-HHG composite were investigated. The structural characteristics of the composites were analysed by XRD, FE-SEM, and TGA. The results show that the initial setting time of the CPO/PAM/<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-HHG composites was 26.7 min, which was 140.5% longer than that of the pure water <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-HHG system and 3.9% longer than that of the PAM/<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-HHG system; additionally, the oven-dried specimens had a flexural strength of 27.59 MPa and a compressive strength of 68.48 MPa, which were 77.2% and 102.0% higher than those of the pure water <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-HHG system and 38.8% and 14.1% higher than those of the PAM/<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-HHG system, respectively. The wet compressive strength of the CPO/PAM/<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-HHG composites was improved by 11.8% compared to that of the PAM/<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-HHG system. A structural analysis showed that CPO promoted the gelation process of PAM and allowed the hydration reaction process of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-HHG to be fully carried out by slowing down the gelation process of the organic network, which led to the full development of both organic and inorganic networks, ultimately forming an interspersed inorganic/organic dual-network structure, which enhanced the comprehensive mechanical properties of the composites. This study provides a new idea for the modification of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi>α</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>-type hemihydrate gypsum and a new method for the preparation of high-utilisation and high-performance gypsum-based composites.
ISSN:1420-3049

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