Sublethal Effects of Cadmium on the Osmoregulatory and Acid-Base Parameters of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at Various Times
Background. Cadmium (Cd) can contaminate aquatic environments as a result of anthropogenic activity. Cd accumulates quickly in the tissues of fish and has the potential to affect their physiology, including osmoregulation and acid-base balance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Toxicology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/2857650 |
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| author | Agoes Soegianto Bambang Yulianto Carolyn Melissa Payus Moch Affandi Wildanun Mukholladun Khudrotul Nisa Indriyasari Ary Marchellina Nailul Muthiati Rahmatin |
| author_facet | Agoes Soegianto Bambang Yulianto Carolyn Melissa Payus Moch Affandi Wildanun Mukholladun Khudrotul Nisa Indriyasari Ary Marchellina Nailul Muthiati Rahmatin |
| author_sort | Agoes Soegianto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. Cadmium (Cd) can contaminate aquatic environments as a result of anthropogenic activity. Cd accumulates quickly in the tissues of fish and has the potential to affect their physiology, including osmoregulation and acid-base balance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the sublethal effects of Cd on the osmoregulation and acid-base balance of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus at different times. Methods. Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Cd (1 and 2 mg/L) for 4 and 15 days. At the end of the experiment, fish were collected from each treatment to examine the levels of Cd and carbonic anhydrase (CA) in the gills, plasma osmolality, ions, blood pH, pCO2, pO2, and hematological parameters. Results. Cd concentrations in gills rose with increasing Cd concentrations in the medium and exposure time. Cd inhibited respiration by generating metabolic acidosis, decreasing gill CA, reducing pO2, plasma osmolality, Cl−, and K+, particularly at 2 mg/L for 4 days and 1 and 2 mg/L for 15 days. Red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (Ht) levels decreased as Cd levels in water and exposure duration increased. Conclusion. Cd inhibits respiration, lowers RCB, Hb, and Ht levels and decreases ionic and osmotic regulation. All of these impairments can limit a fish’s ability to provide appropriate oxygen to its cells, hence diminishing its physical activity and productivity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-506cf591576b4beeb2fa4371b56a59c3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-8205 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Toxicology |
| spelling | doaj-art-506cf591576b4beeb2fa4371b56a59c32025-08-20T03:36:15ZengWileyJournal of Toxicology1687-82052023-01-01202310.1155/2023/2857650Sublethal Effects of Cadmium on the Osmoregulatory and Acid-Base Parameters of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at Various TimesAgoes Soegianto0Bambang Yulianto1Carolyn Melissa Payus2Moch Affandi3Wildanun Mukholladun4Khudrotul Nisa Indriyasari5Ary Marchellina6Nailul Muthiati Rahmatin7Department of BiologyDepartment of Marine ScienceFaculty of Science and Natural ResourcesDepartment of BiologyDepartment of BiologyDepartment of BiologyDepartment of BiologyDepartment of BiologyBackground. Cadmium (Cd) can contaminate aquatic environments as a result of anthropogenic activity. Cd accumulates quickly in the tissues of fish and has the potential to affect their physiology, including osmoregulation and acid-base balance. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the sublethal effects of Cd on the osmoregulation and acid-base balance of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus at different times. Methods. Fish were exposed to sublethal concentrations of Cd (1 and 2 mg/L) for 4 and 15 days. At the end of the experiment, fish were collected from each treatment to examine the levels of Cd and carbonic anhydrase (CA) in the gills, plasma osmolality, ions, blood pH, pCO2, pO2, and hematological parameters. Results. Cd concentrations in gills rose with increasing Cd concentrations in the medium and exposure time. Cd inhibited respiration by generating metabolic acidosis, decreasing gill CA, reducing pO2, plasma osmolality, Cl−, and K+, particularly at 2 mg/L for 4 days and 1 and 2 mg/L for 15 days. Red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit (Ht) levels decreased as Cd levels in water and exposure duration increased. Conclusion. Cd inhibits respiration, lowers RCB, Hb, and Ht levels and decreases ionic and osmotic regulation. All of these impairments can limit a fish’s ability to provide appropriate oxygen to its cells, hence diminishing its physical activity and productivity.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/2857650 |
| spellingShingle | Agoes Soegianto Bambang Yulianto Carolyn Melissa Payus Moch Affandi Wildanun Mukholladun Khudrotul Nisa Indriyasari Ary Marchellina Nailul Muthiati Rahmatin Sublethal Effects of Cadmium on the Osmoregulatory and Acid-Base Parameters of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at Various Times Journal of Toxicology |
| title | Sublethal Effects of Cadmium on the Osmoregulatory and Acid-Base Parameters of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at Various Times |
| title_full | Sublethal Effects of Cadmium on the Osmoregulatory and Acid-Base Parameters of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at Various Times |
| title_fullStr | Sublethal Effects of Cadmium on the Osmoregulatory and Acid-Base Parameters of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at Various Times |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sublethal Effects of Cadmium on the Osmoregulatory and Acid-Base Parameters of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at Various Times |
| title_short | Sublethal Effects of Cadmium on the Osmoregulatory and Acid-Base Parameters of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at Various Times |
| title_sort | sublethal effects of cadmium on the osmoregulatory and acid base parameters of tilapia oreochromis niloticus at various times |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/2857650 |
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