The effects of disorder in superconducting materials on qubit coherence
Abstract Introducing disorder in the superconducting materials has been considered promising to enhance the electromagnetic impedance and realize noise-resilient superconducting qubits. Despite a number of pioneering implementations, the understanding of the correlation between the material disorder...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Nature Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58745-y |
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| author | Ran Gao Feng Wu Hantao Sun Jianjun Chen Hao Deng Xizheng Ma Xiaohe Miao Zhijun Song Xin Wan Fei Wang Tian Xia Make Ying Chao Zhang Yaoyun Shi Hui-Hai Zhao Chunqing Deng |
| author_facet | Ran Gao Feng Wu Hantao Sun Jianjun Chen Hao Deng Xizheng Ma Xiaohe Miao Zhijun Song Xin Wan Fei Wang Tian Xia Make Ying Chao Zhang Yaoyun Shi Hui-Hai Zhao Chunqing Deng |
| author_sort | Ran Gao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introducing disorder in the superconducting materials has been considered promising to enhance the electromagnetic impedance and realize noise-resilient superconducting qubits. Despite a number of pioneering implementations, the understanding of the correlation between the material disorder and the qubit coherence is still developing. Here, we demonstrate a systematic characterization of fluxonium qubits with the superinductors made by spinodal titanium-aluminum-nitride with varied disorder. From qubit noise spectroscopy, the flux noise and the dielectric loss are extracted as a measure of the coherence properties. Our results reveal that the 1/f α flux noise dominates the qubit decoherence around the flux-frustration point, strongly correlated with the material disorder; while the dielectric loss are largely similar under a wide range of material properties. From the flux-noise amplitudes, the areal density (σ) of the phenomenological spin defects and material disorder are found to be approximately correlated by $$\sigma \propto {\rho }_{xx}^{3}$$ σ ∝ ρ x x 3 , or effectively $${({k}_{F}l)}^{-3}$$ ( k F l ) − 3 . This work has provided new insights on the origin of decoherence channels beyond surface defects and within the superconductors, and could serve as a useful guideline for material design and optimization. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-506a419dcfbc4635bd5094f344bc5791 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2041-1723 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nature Communications |
| spelling | doaj-art-506a419dcfbc4635bd5094f344bc57912025-08-20T03:18:34ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-04-011611810.1038/s41467-025-58745-yThe effects of disorder in superconducting materials on qubit coherenceRan Gao0Feng Wu1Hantao Sun2Jianjun Chen3Hao Deng4Xizheng Ma5Xiaohe Miao6Zhijun Song7Xin Wan8Fei Wang9Tian Xia10Make Ying11Chao Zhang12Yaoyun Shi13Hui-Hai Zhao14Chunqing Deng15Quantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay AreaZhongguancun LaboratoryChina Telecom Quantum Information Technology Group Co., Ltd.Xinxiao Electronics Inc.International Center for Quantum Materials, Peking UniversityQuantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay AreaInstrumentation and Service Center for Molecular and Physical Sciences and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake UniversityShanghai E-Matterwave Sci & Tech Co., Ltd.Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Quantum Chips and Quantum Control, Zhejiang UniversityQuantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay AreaHuaxin Jushu Microelectronics Co., Ltd.EXTEC Inc.Instrumentation and Service Center for Physical Sciences, Westlake UniversityZ-Axis QuantumZhongguancun LaboratoryQuantum Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay AreaAbstract Introducing disorder in the superconducting materials has been considered promising to enhance the electromagnetic impedance and realize noise-resilient superconducting qubits. Despite a number of pioneering implementations, the understanding of the correlation between the material disorder and the qubit coherence is still developing. Here, we demonstrate a systematic characterization of fluxonium qubits with the superinductors made by spinodal titanium-aluminum-nitride with varied disorder. From qubit noise spectroscopy, the flux noise and the dielectric loss are extracted as a measure of the coherence properties. Our results reveal that the 1/f α flux noise dominates the qubit decoherence around the flux-frustration point, strongly correlated with the material disorder; while the dielectric loss are largely similar under a wide range of material properties. From the flux-noise amplitudes, the areal density (σ) of the phenomenological spin defects and material disorder are found to be approximately correlated by $$\sigma \propto {\rho }_{xx}^{3}$$ σ ∝ ρ x x 3 , or effectively $${({k}_{F}l)}^{-3}$$ ( k F l ) − 3 . This work has provided new insights on the origin of decoherence channels beyond surface defects and within the superconductors, and could serve as a useful guideline for material design and optimization.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58745-y |
| spellingShingle | Ran Gao Feng Wu Hantao Sun Jianjun Chen Hao Deng Xizheng Ma Xiaohe Miao Zhijun Song Xin Wan Fei Wang Tian Xia Make Ying Chao Zhang Yaoyun Shi Hui-Hai Zhao Chunqing Deng The effects of disorder in superconducting materials on qubit coherence Nature Communications |
| title | The effects of disorder in superconducting materials on qubit coherence |
| title_full | The effects of disorder in superconducting materials on qubit coherence |
| title_fullStr | The effects of disorder in superconducting materials on qubit coherence |
| title_full_unstemmed | The effects of disorder in superconducting materials on qubit coherence |
| title_short | The effects of disorder in superconducting materials on qubit coherence |
| title_sort | effects of disorder in superconducting materials on qubit coherence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58745-y |
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