A Miniaturized Device Based on Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles for the Quantification of Uric Acid in Artificial and Human Sweat
Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-based materials have multiple applications in the field of materials, especially in sensor technology. In this work, Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles were synthesized using a chemical method. The crystalline phase a...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Chemosensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/13/3/114 |
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| Summary: | Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-based materials have multiple applications in the field of materials, especially in sensor technology. In this work, Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles were synthesized using a chemical method. The crystalline phase and crystal size were investigated by XRD, the morphology by SEM and the oxidation states by XPS techniques. The Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> material was used to immobilize the urate oxidase enzyme (UOx), which showed a higher current density (1.6 times higher) than the enzyme alone in cyclic voltammetry in phosphate buffer pH 5.6. GCE/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UOx achieved a linear range of 3.7–500 µM and a higher sensitivity of 65 µA mM<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup> compared to 45 µA mM<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup> achieved by the enzyme alone in a uric acid sensor. The favorable activity of GCE/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UOx enabled its use in a miniaturized device with low sample volume using artificial and real human sweat. The device was used to quantify uric acid levels in five samples and showed a relative error between the calculated and expected value of less than 10%. The implementation of GCE/Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/UOx is attractive in a biosensor that can be used as a uric acid sensor in biological fluids. |
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| ISSN: | 2227-9040 |