A mathematical model of animal-human Brucellosis transmission in Armenia: Implications for prevention and control

Abstract Brucellosis, a zoonotic disease impacting public health and economies, is prevalent in several countries, particularly low- and middle-income regions. This study centers on Armenia, where the Veterinary Department of the Food Safety Inspection Body employs a test-and-slaughter strategy to c...

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Main Authors: Uchenna Anyanwu, Yuqian Wang, Alexandra Walker, Artemiy Dimov, Jakob Zinsstag, Youssef Akladios, Nakul Chitnis, Sandra Volken, Binyu Li, Lusine Paronyan, Ani Manukyan, Jon Simonyan, Tigran Markosian, Jan Hattendorf
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: CABI 2024-08-01
Series:CABI One Health
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Online Access:http://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/10.1079/cabionehealth.2024.0020
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author Uchenna Anyanwu
Yuqian Wang
Alexandra Walker
Artemiy Dimov
Jakob Zinsstag
Youssef Akladios
Nakul Chitnis
Sandra Volken
Binyu Li
Lusine Paronyan
Ani Manukyan
Jon Simonyan
Tigran Markosian
Jan Hattendorf
author_facet Uchenna Anyanwu
Yuqian Wang
Alexandra Walker
Artemiy Dimov
Jakob Zinsstag
Youssef Akladios
Nakul Chitnis
Sandra Volken
Binyu Li
Lusine Paronyan
Ani Manukyan
Jon Simonyan
Tigran Markosian
Jan Hattendorf
author_sort Uchenna Anyanwu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Brucellosis, a zoonotic disease impacting public health and economies, is prevalent in several countries, particularly low- and middle-income regions. This study centers on Armenia, where the Veterinary Department of the Food Safety Inspection Body employs a test-and-slaughter strategy to control the disease. A dynamic deterministic compartmental model was constructed using seropositive reported data from humans and livestock (cattle and sheep) from 2019 to 2021. The model simulates the effects of enhanced test-and-slaughter strategies from 2022 to 2031 on brucellosis transmission among sheep, cattle, and humans. The results suggest that an increase in testing and slaughter rates leads to a decrease in infected populations among both humans and livestock. Approximately 65% of the human brucellosis cases are a result of sheep-to-human transmissions. This reduction in infected populations is expected to subsequently lower the overall transmission rates in livestock and humans. However, even with the highest coverage levels (75% for sheep and 90% for cattle), infections in humans and livestock are projected to persist. The study highlights the need for a One Health approach that integrates mathematical modeling with public health intervention strategies. While the upgraded test-and-slaughter strategy could prove effective, an economic analysis of the predicted cumulative incidence in humans and livestock prevalence could guide decision making processes. Compensation for culled animals is a critical factor. The success of the intervention relies on collaboration between veterinary and public health sectors, community engagement, and awareness campaigns. One Health impact statement This study applied a mathematical model to investigate brucellosis transmission within the livestock population and from animals to humans. It assessed the impact of different test-and-slaughter coverage levels from 2022 to 2031 on disease burden and livestock populations. Although the research did not encompass the entire One Health spectrum, it shed light on the potential benefits of integrating human and animal health interventions. Local institutions (such as the Food Safety and Inspectorate Body and the National Centre for Disease Control in Armenia) and international collaboration among scientists contributed to a better understanding and controlling zoonotic diseases. The findings offer valuable insights for decision making, aiding Armenian policy makers in effectively managing brucellosis and enhancing public health, food safety, and monetary savings. Furthermore, the research provides a basis for further exploration in this field.
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spelling doaj-art-502f3643503b4e408e2c33be2bc013392025-08-20T03:25:26ZengCABICABI One Health2791-223X2024-08-013110.1079/cabionehealth.2024.0020A mathematical model of animal-human Brucellosis transmission in Armenia: Implications for prevention and controlUchenna Anyanwu0Yuqian Wang1Alexandra Walker2Artemiy Dimov3Jakob Zinsstag4Youssef Akladios5Nakul Chitnis6Sandra Volken7Binyu Li8Lusine Paronyan9Ani Manukyan10Jon Simonyan11Tigran Markosian12Jan Hattendorf13Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland;Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland;Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland;Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland;Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland;Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland;Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland;University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland;Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland;National Center for Disease Control and Prevention MOH, Yerevan, Armenia;National Center for Disease Control and Prevention MOH, Yerevan, Armenia;Scientific Centre for Risk Assessment and Analysis in Food Safety Area, MOE, Yerevan, ArmeniaScientific Centre for Risk Assessment and Analysis in Food Safety Area, MOE, Yerevan, ArmeniaSwiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland;Abstract Brucellosis, a zoonotic disease impacting public health and economies, is prevalent in several countries, particularly low- and middle-income regions. This study centers on Armenia, where the Veterinary Department of the Food Safety Inspection Body employs a test-and-slaughter strategy to control the disease. A dynamic deterministic compartmental model was constructed using seropositive reported data from humans and livestock (cattle and sheep) from 2019 to 2021. The model simulates the effects of enhanced test-and-slaughter strategies from 2022 to 2031 on brucellosis transmission among sheep, cattle, and humans. The results suggest that an increase in testing and slaughter rates leads to a decrease in infected populations among both humans and livestock. Approximately 65% of the human brucellosis cases are a result of sheep-to-human transmissions. This reduction in infected populations is expected to subsequently lower the overall transmission rates in livestock and humans. However, even with the highest coverage levels (75% for sheep and 90% for cattle), infections in humans and livestock are projected to persist. The study highlights the need for a One Health approach that integrates mathematical modeling with public health intervention strategies. While the upgraded test-and-slaughter strategy could prove effective, an economic analysis of the predicted cumulative incidence in humans and livestock prevalence could guide decision making processes. Compensation for culled animals is a critical factor. The success of the intervention relies on collaboration between veterinary and public health sectors, community engagement, and awareness campaigns. One Health impact statement This study applied a mathematical model to investigate brucellosis transmission within the livestock population and from animals to humans. It assessed the impact of different test-and-slaughter coverage levels from 2022 to 2031 on disease burden and livestock populations. Although the research did not encompass the entire One Health spectrum, it shed light on the potential benefits of integrating human and animal health interventions. Local institutions (such as the Food Safety and Inspectorate Body and the National Centre for Disease Control in Armenia) and international collaboration among scientists contributed to a better understanding and controlling zoonotic diseases. The findings offer valuable insights for decision making, aiding Armenian policy makers in effectively managing brucellosis and enhancing public health, food safety, and monetary savings. Furthermore, the research provides a basis for further exploration in this field.http://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/10.1079/cabionehealth.2024.0020BrucellosisOne Healthtest-and-slaughtermathematical modelingzoonotic diseaseArmenia
spellingShingle Uchenna Anyanwu
Yuqian Wang
Alexandra Walker
Artemiy Dimov
Jakob Zinsstag
Youssef Akladios
Nakul Chitnis
Sandra Volken
Binyu Li
Lusine Paronyan
Ani Manukyan
Jon Simonyan
Tigran Markosian
Jan Hattendorf
A mathematical model of animal-human Brucellosis transmission in Armenia: Implications for prevention and control
CABI One Health
Brucellosis
One Health
test-and-slaughter
mathematical modeling
zoonotic disease
Armenia
title A mathematical model of animal-human Brucellosis transmission in Armenia: Implications for prevention and control
title_full A mathematical model of animal-human Brucellosis transmission in Armenia: Implications for prevention and control
title_fullStr A mathematical model of animal-human Brucellosis transmission in Armenia: Implications for prevention and control
title_full_unstemmed A mathematical model of animal-human Brucellosis transmission in Armenia: Implications for prevention and control
title_short A mathematical model of animal-human Brucellosis transmission in Armenia: Implications for prevention and control
title_sort mathematical model of animal human brucellosis transmission in armenia implications for prevention and control
topic Brucellosis
One Health
test-and-slaughter
mathematical modeling
zoonotic disease
Armenia
url http://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/10.1079/cabionehealth.2024.0020
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