Acid Whey from Industrial Greek Strained Yoghurt: Effect of the Kind of Milk and the Way of Straining on Its Composition and Processing by Nanofiltration

The acid whey derived during the production of Greek yoghurt, i.e., yoghurt acid whey (YAW), is considered as environmental pollutant due to its low pH and high lactose content. YAW may be obtained by centrifugation or ultrafiltration or filtration through cloth bags (traditional method) of the init...

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Main Authors: Marianna Karela, Lambros Sakkas, Evangelia Zoidou, Golfo Moatsou, Konstantina Milosi, Ekaterini Moschopoulou
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Dairy
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2624-862X/6/3/21
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author Marianna Karela
Lambros Sakkas
Evangelia Zoidou
Golfo Moatsou
Konstantina Milosi
Ekaterini Moschopoulou
author_facet Marianna Karela
Lambros Sakkas
Evangelia Zoidou
Golfo Moatsou
Konstantina Milosi
Ekaterini Moschopoulou
author_sort Marianna Karela
collection DOAJ
description The acid whey derived during the production of Greek yoghurt, i.e., yoghurt acid whey (YAW), is considered as environmental pollutant due to its low pH and high lactose content. YAW may be obtained by centrifugation or ultrafiltration or filtration through cloth bags (traditional method) of the initial yoghurt, methods that could affect its composition. In the last years, efforts have been made to improve its composition using membrane technology. In the present work, the composition of 35 different YAW samples from Greek Yoghurt dairies was studied. The YAW samples were grouped according to the way of production and the kind of milk in the case of the traditional method. The results showed that both the kind of milk and the way of yoghurt staining affected its composition. Ovine YAW derived from traditional straining was richer in lactic acid and calcium than bovine YAW. Moreover, the composition of bovine YAW varied among the different ways of straining, and this affected its behaviour during membrane processing. Nanofiltration of three representative bovine YAW samples and one ovine YAW sample at their natural pH, i.e., pH 4.5, and at 25 °C removed the lactic acid at a range from 40 to 55%, and the monovalent cations > 60% and retained lactose and galactose at percentages > 95% and 80% respectively.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2624-862X
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
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series Dairy
spelling doaj-art-501ab0231f6c43f587d2d307d2bd2cad2025-08-20T03:27:30ZengMDPI AGDairy2624-862X2025-04-01632110.3390/dairy6030021Acid Whey from Industrial Greek Strained Yoghurt: Effect of the Kind of Milk and the Way of Straining on Its Composition and Processing by NanofiltrationMarianna Karela0Lambros Sakkas1Evangelia Zoidou2Golfo Moatsou3Konstantina Milosi4Ekaterini Moschopoulou5Laboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Dairy Research, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 118 55 Athens, GreeceThe acid whey derived during the production of Greek yoghurt, i.e., yoghurt acid whey (YAW), is considered as environmental pollutant due to its low pH and high lactose content. YAW may be obtained by centrifugation or ultrafiltration or filtration through cloth bags (traditional method) of the initial yoghurt, methods that could affect its composition. In the last years, efforts have been made to improve its composition using membrane technology. In the present work, the composition of 35 different YAW samples from Greek Yoghurt dairies was studied. The YAW samples were grouped according to the way of production and the kind of milk in the case of the traditional method. The results showed that both the kind of milk and the way of yoghurt staining affected its composition. Ovine YAW derived from traditional straining was richer in lactic acid and calcium than bovine YAW. Moreover, the composition of bovine YAW varied among the different ways of straining, and this affected its behaviour during membrane processing. Nanofiltration of three representative bovine YAW samples and one ovine YAW sample at their natural pH, i.e., pH 4.5, and at 25 °C removed the lactic acid at a range from 40 to 55%, and the monovalent cations > 60% and retained lactose and galactose at percentages > 95% and 80% respectively.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-862X/6/3/21acid wheynanofiltrationovine wheybovine wheylactic acidlactose
spellingShingle Marianna Karela
Lambros Sakkas
Evangelia Zoidou
Golfo Moatsou
Konstantina Milosi
Ekaterini Moschopoulou
Acid Whey from Industrial Greek Strained Yoghurt: Effect of the Kind of Milk and the Way of Straining on Its Composition and Processing by Nanofiltration
Dairy
acid whey
nanofiltration
ovine whey
bovine whey
lactic acid
lactose
title Acid Whey from Industrial Greek Strained Yoghurt: Effect of the Kind of Milk and the Way of Straining on Its Composition and Processing by Nanofiltration
title_full Acid Whey from Industrial Greek Strained Yoghurt: Effect of the Kind of Milk and the Way of Straining on Its Composition and Processing by Nanofiltration
title_fullStr Acid Whey from Industrial Greek Strained Yoghurt: Effect of the Kind of Milk and the Way of Straining on Its Composition and Processing by Nanofiltration
title_full_unstemmed Acid Whey from Industrial Greek Strained Yoghurt: Effect of the Kind of Milk and the Way of Straining on Its Composition and Processing by Nanofiltration
title_short Acid Whey from Industrial Greek Strained Yoghurt: Effect of the Kind of Milk and the Way of Straining on Its Composition and Processing by Nanofiltration
title_sort acid whey from industrial greek strained yoghurt effect of the kind of milk and the way of straining on its composition and processing by nanofiltration
topic acid whey
nanofiltration
ovine whey
bovine whey
lactic acid
lactose
url https://www.mdpi.com/2624-862X/6/3/21
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