Impact of persistence to secondary preventive medication on prognosis for patients with myocardial infarction with and without obstructive coronary arteries.

<h4>Background</h4>Poor adherence to secondary preventive medication after myocardial infarction (MI) negatively affects long-term prognosis, but knowledge is lacking regarding the impact of poor adherence on prognosis for patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary...

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Main Authors: Anna M Nordenskjöld, Lars Lindhagen, Björn Wettermark, Bertil Lindahl
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0324533
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author Anna M Nordenskjöld
Lars Lindhagen
Björn Wettermark
Bertil Lindahl
author_facet Anna M Nordenskjöld
Lars Lindhagen
Björn Wettermark
Bertil Lindahl
author_sort Anna M Nordenskjöld
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Background</h4>Poor adherence to secondary preventive medication after myocardial infarction (MI) negatively affects long-term prognosis, but knowledge is lacking regarding the impact of poor adherence on prognosis for patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). We therefore investigated the effect of persistence to secondary preventive medication on prognosis in patients with MINOCA compared with patients with myocardial infarction with obstructive coronary arteries (MI-CAD).<h4>Methods</h4>In this nationwide observational study of 116,143 patients with MI recorded in the SWEDEHEART registry between 2006─2017, MINOCA were identified in 9,124 patients and MI-CAD in 107,019 patients. Persistence to treatment with aspirin, statins, beta blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) was investigated for 5 years post discharge and patients were followed for a composite endpoint of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including all-cause death, MI, ischemic stroke and heart failure.<h4>Results</h4>Persistent use of secondary preventive medications was associated with a decrease in the risk of MACE during follow-up in both MINOCA and MI-CAD patients; aspirin HR 0.70 (CI 0.60-0.82) vs. HR 0.60 (CI 0.57-0.64), statins HR 0.80 (CI 0.68-0.95) vs. HR 0.66 (CI 0.63-0.69), beta blockers HR 0.77 (CI 0.65-0.92) vs. HR 0.76 (CI 0.73-0.80) and ACEIs/ARBs HR 0.62 (CI 0.50-0.77) vs. 0.67 (CI 0.63-0.71).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Persistence to secondary preventive medications after MI is associated with a reduction in the risk for MACE in both patients with MINOCA and MI-CAD. Continuous efforts to improve adherence to evidence-based medications in general to all patients with MI should be a priority.
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spelling doaj-art-5006d078ffb748fd95d3ca458d2979012025-08-20T03:25:18ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01205e032453310.1371/journal.pone.0324533Impact of persistence to secondary preventive medication on prognosis for patients with myocardial infarction with and without obstructive coronary arteries.Anna M NordenskjöldLars LindhagenBjörn WettermarkBertil Lindahl<h4>Background</h4>Poor adherence to secondary preventive medication after myocardial infarction (MI) negatively affects long-term prognosis, but knowledge is lacking regarding the impact of poor adherence on prognosis for patients with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). We therefore investigated the effect of persistence to secondary preventive medication on prognosis in patients with MINOCA compared with patients with myocardial infarction with obstructive coronary arteries (MI-CAD).<h4>Methods</h4>In this nationwide observational study of 116,143 patients with MI recorded in the SWEDEHEART registry between 2006─2017, MINOCA were identified in 9,124 patients and MI-CAD in 107,019 patients. Persistence to treatment with aspirin, statins, beta blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) was investigated for 5 years post discharge and patients were followed for a composite endpoint of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including all-cause death, MI, ischemic stroke and heart failure.<h4>Results</h4>Persistent use of secondary preventive medications was associated with a decrease in the risk of MACE during follow-up in both MINOCA and MI-CAD patients; aspirin HR 0.70 (CI 0.60-0.82) vs. HR 0.60 (CI 0.57-0.64), statins HR 0.80 (CI 0.68-0.95) vs. HR 0.66 (CI 0.63-0.69), beta blockers HR 0.77 (CI 0.65-0.92) vs. HR 0.76 (CI 0.73-0.80) and ACEIs/ARBs HR 0.62 (CI 0.50-0.77) vs. 0.67 (CI 0.63-0.71).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Persistence to secondary preventive medications after MI is associated with a reduction in the risk for MACE in both patients with MINOCA and MI-CAD. Continuous efforts to improve adherence to evidence-based medications in general to all patients with MI should be a priority.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0324533
spellingShingle Anna M Nordenskjöld
Lars Lindhagen
Björn Wettermark
Bertil Lindahl
Impact of persistence to secondary preventive medication on prognosis for patients with myocardial infarction with and without obstructive coronary arteries.
PLoS ONE
title Impact of persistence to secondary preventive medication on prognosis for patients with myocardial infarction with and without obstructive coronary arteries.
title_full Impact of persistence to secondary preventive medication on prognosis for patients with myocardial infarction with and without obstructive coronary arteries.
title_fullStr Impact of persistence to secondary preventive medication on prognosis for patients with myocardial infarction with and without obstructive coronary arteries.
title_full_unstemmed Impact of persistence to secondary preventive medication on prognosis for patients with myocardial infarction with and without obstructive coronary arteries.
title_short Impact of persistence to secondary preventive medication on prognosis for patients with myocardial infarction with and without obstructive coronary arteries.
title_sort impact of persistence to secondary preventive medication on prognosis for patients with myocardial infarction with and without obstructive coronary arteries
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0324533
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