When is the best time to test paratuberculosis positivity? Observations from a follow-up study in Hungarian dairy herds
The objective of the present study was to find the most practical combination of diagnostic procedures and time points during lactation to identify Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP)-infected animals. Four Hungarian dairy farms with a 4–5% apparent MAP positivity were enrolled in the st...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1570915/full |
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| author | Barbara Vass-Bognár Mikolt Bakony Kinga Fornyos Walter Baumgartner Johannes Lorenz Khol Viktor Jurkovich |
| author_facet | Barbara Vass-Bognár Mikolt Bakony Kinga Fornyos Walter Baumgartner Johannes Lorenz Khol Viktor Jurkovich |
| author_sort | Barbara Vass-Bognár |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of the present study was to find the most practical combination of diagnostic procedures and time points during lactation to identify Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP)-infected animals. Four Hungarian dairy farms with a 4–5% apparent MAP positivity were enrolled in the study, and 13 non-lactating, known MAP-positive pregnant cows were chosen from each farm. Feces, blood, and milk samples were collected from each cow at 1–5, 10–14, 40–60, 90–120, 180–200, and 280–300 days in milk (DIM) and ELISA and PCR assays were performed for antibody or pathogen detection. Animals that later developed clinical paratuberculosis symptoms showed distinctly different patterns of test positivity than those that did not develop clinical symptoms during the observation period. The optimal time for detecting MAP-positive animals with the highest probability was DIM 40–60 with serum ELISA and DIM 10–14 and 40–60 for PCR assays, respectively. Serum ELISA proved to be slightly more sensitive than milk ELISA. S/P values showed a moderate correlation with the fecal qPCR Ct values. We found that the most suitable period for MAP screening is 40–60 days after calving. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5004acde0dfa4ee68ad39b978a7e103c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-5004acde0dfa4ee68ad39b978a7e103c2025-08-20T03:31:14ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692025-06-011210.3389/fvets.2025.15709151570915When is the best time to test paratuberculosis positivity? Observations from a follow-up study in Hungarian dairy herdsBarbara Vass-Bognár0Mikolt Bakony1Kinga Fornyos2Walter Baumgartner3Johannes Lorenz Khol4Viktor Jurkovich5Department of Animal Hygiene, Herd Health and Mobile Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, HungaryCentre for Translational Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, HungaryEurofins Vet-Controll Ltd., Budapest, HungaryClinical Center for Ruminant and Camelid Medicine, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, AustriaClinical Center for Ruminant and Camelid Medicine, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, AustriaCentre for Animal Welfare, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, HungaryThe objective of the present study was to find the most practical combination of diagnostic procedures and time points during lactation to identify Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP)-infected animals. Four Hungarian dairy farms with a 4–5% apparent MAP positivity were enrolled in the study, and 13 non-lactating, known MAP-positive pregnant cows were chosen from each farm. Feces, blood, and milk samples were collected from each cow at 1–5, 10–14, 40–60, 90–120, 180–200, and 280–300 days in milk (DIM) and ELISA and PCR assays were performed for antibody or pathogen detection. Animals that later developed clinical paratuberculosis symptoms showed distinctly different patterns of test positivity than those that did not develop clinical symptoms during the observation period. The optimal time for detecting MAP-positive animals with the highest probability was DIM 40–60 with serum ELISA and DIM 10–14 and 40–60 for PCR assays, respectively. Serum ELISA proved to be slightly more sensitive than milk ELISA. S/P values showed a moderate correlation with the fecal qPCR Ct values. We found that the most suitable period for MAP screening is 40–60 days after calving.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1570915/fulldairy cowparatuberculosisELISAqPCRsampling time |
| spellingShingle | Barbara Vass-Bognár Mikolt Bakony Kinga Fornyos Walter Baumgartner Johannes Lorenz Khol Viktor Jurkovich When is the best time to test paratuberculosis positivity? Observations from a follow-up study in Hungarian dairy herds Frontiers in Veterinary Science dairy cow paratuberculosis ELISA qPCR sampling time |
| title | When is the best time to test paratuberculosis positivity? Observations from a follow-up study in Hungarian dairy herds |
| title_full | When is the best time to test paratuberculosis positivity? Observations from a follow-up study in Hungarian dairy herds |
| title_fullStr | When is the best time to test paratuberculosis positivity? Observations from a follow-up study in Hungarian dairy herds |
| title_full_unstemmed | When is the best time to test paratuberculosis positivity? Observations from a follow-up study in Hungarian dairy herds |
| title_short | When is the best time to test paratuberculosis positivity? Observations from a follow-up study in Hungarian dairy herds |
| title_sort | when is the best time to test paratuberculosis positivity observations from a follow up study in hungarian dairy herds |
| topic | dairy cow paratuberculosis ELISA qPCR sampling time |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2025.1570915/full |
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