Mechanical and Tribological Properties of SPS-Sintered Y-TZP: The Effect of Sintering Temperature
This work systematically investigates the influence of two spark plasma sintering (SPS) temperatures (1400 °C and 1600 °C) on the mechanical and tribological properties of two yttria-stabilized zirconia ceramics: 3 mol.% Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (3Y-TZP) and 1.5 mol.% Y<...
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2025-06-01
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| author | Dávid Medveď Jana Andrejovská Viktor Puchý |
| author_facet | Dávid Medveď Jana Andrejovská Viktor Puchý |
| author_sort | Dávid Medveď |
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| description | This work systematically investigates the influence of two spark plasma sintering (SPS) temperatures (1400 °C and 1600 °C) on the mechanical and tribological properties of two yttria-stabilized zirconia ceramics: 3 mol.% Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (3Y-TZP) and 1.5 mol.% Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (1.5Y-TZP). The ceramics’ microhardness, nanohardness, Young’s modulus, fracture toughness, and tribological performance were evaluated. The results show that 3Y-TZP maintains high hardness (Vickers hardness HV ~1300; nanohardness ~17.1 GPa) and stable fracture toughness (~4.2 MPa·m½), nearly independently of sintering temperature. In contrast, 1.5Y-TZP exhibits a critical trade-off: sintering at 1400 °C yields exceptional fracture toughness (~6.2 MPa·m½), but increasing the temperature to 1600 °C causes a sharp drop to ~4.5 MPa·m½. Tribologically, the highest wear resistance under a 5 N load was observed for the 3Y-TZP sample sintered at 1600 °C. These findings suggest that for low-yttria compositions, higher SPS temperatures can trigger detrimental microstructural changes that degrade toughness. The results provide crucial insights for tailoring SPS parameters and Y-TZP compositions for specific high-performance applications, balancing the competing requirements of hardness and fracture toughness. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4fe646e27bfe486d8715e0ababfe11a3 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2073-4352 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-4fe646e27bfe486d8715e0ababfe11a32025-08-20T02:45:55ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522025-06-0115759310.3390/cryst15070593Mechanical and Tribological Properties of SPS-Sintered Y-TZP: The Effect of Sintering TemperatureDávid Medveď0Jana Andrejovská1Viktor Puchý2Institute of Materials Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 040 01 Kosice, SlovakiaInstitute of Materials Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 040 01 Kosice, SlovakiaInstitute of Materials Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Watsonova 47, 040 01 Kosice, SlovakiaThis work systematically investigates the influence of two spark plasma sintering (SPS) temperatures (1400 °C and 1600 °C) on the mechanical and tribological properties of two yttria-stabilized zirconia ceramics: 3 mol.% Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (3Y-TZP) and 1.5 mol.% Y<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (1.5Y-TZP). The ceramics’ microhardness, nanohardness, Young’s modulus, fracture toughness, and tribological performance were evaluated. The results show that 3Y-TZP maintains high hardness (Vickers hardness HV ~1300; nanohardness ~17.1 GPa) and stable fracture toughness (~4.2 MPa·m½), nearly independently of sintering temperature. In contrast, 1.5Y-TZP exhibits a critical trade-off: sintering at 1400 °C yields exceptional fracture toughness (~6.2 MPa·m½), but increasing the temperature to 1600 °C causes a sharp drop to ~4.5 MPa·m½. Tribologically, the highest wear resistance under a 5 N load was observed for the 3Y-TZP sample sintered at 1600 °C. These findings suggest that for low-yttria compositions, higher SPS temperatures can trigger detrimental microstructural changes that degrade toughness. The results provide crucial insights for tailoring SPS parameters and Y-TZP compositions for specific high-performance applications, balancing the competing requirements of hardness and fracture toughness.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/7/593Y-TZPspark plasma sintering (SPS)sintering temperaturemechanical propertiestribological propertiesmicrostructure |
| spellingShingle | Dávid Medveď Jana Andrejovská Viktor Puchý Mechanical and Tribological Properties of SPS-Sintered Y-TZP: The Effect of Sintering Temperature Crystals Y-TZP spark plasma sintering (SPS) sintering temperature mechanical properties tribological properties microstructure |
| title | Mechanical and Tribological Properties of SPS-Sintered Y-TZP: The Effect of Sintering Temperature |
| title_full | Mechanical and Tribological Properties of SPS-Sintered Y-TZP: The Effect of Sintering Temperature |
| title_fullStr | Mechanical and Tribological Properties of SPS-Sintered Y-TZP: The Effect of Sintering Temperature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanical and Tribological Properties of SPS-Sintered Y-TZP: The Effect of Sintering Temperature |
| title_short | Mechanical and Tribological Properties of SPS-Sintered Y-TZP: The Effect of Sintering Temperature |
| title_sort | mechanical and tribological properties of sps sintered y tzp the effect of sintering temperature |
| topic | Y-TZP spark plasma sintering (SPS) sintering temperature mechanical properties tribological properties microstructure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/15/7/593 |
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