Diagnosis and management of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: a narrative review of recent literature

Abstract Paroxysmal sympathoexcitatory syndrome is a clinical syndrome, recognized in a subgroup of survivors of severe acquired brain injury, of simultaneous, paroxysmal transient increases in sympathetic [elevated heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, temperature, sweating] and motor [post...

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Main Authors: Peng Yin, Yunsong Pan, Deshun Chen, Wensheng Dong, Yongjun Fan, Jiaqiu Zhu, Hui Shi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:European Journal of Medical Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02564-w
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author Peng Yin
Yunsong Pan
Deshun Chen
Wensheng Dong
Yongjun Fan
Jiaqiu Zhu
Hui Shi
author_facet Peng Yin
Yunsong Pan
Deshun Chen
Wensheng Dong
Yongjun Fan
Jiaqiu Zhu
Hui Shi
author_sort Peng Yin
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Paroxysmal sympathoexcitatory syndrome is a clinical syndrome, recognized in a subgroup of survivors of severe acquired brain injury, of simultaneous, paroxysmal transient increases in sympathetic [elevated heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, temperature, sweating] and motor [posturing] activity. Coupled with the absence of uniform treatment guidelines, it is prone to underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis, leading to the adoption of inappropriate treatment protocols, which may adversely affect the prognosis of patients. This narrative review summarized the existing literature and provided a comprehensive account of the research history and terminology of PSH, epidemiology and pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, therapeutic options, and prognosis, hoping to bring new ideas to the clinical treatment of PSH.
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issn 2047-783X
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publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher BMC
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series European Journal of Medical Research
spelling doaj-art-4fe303f4f3444792bce54c7d289a6c842025-08-20T02:10:49ZengBMCEuropean Journal of Medical Research2047-783X2025-05-0130111210.1186/s40001-025-02564-wDiagnosis and management of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: a narrative review of recent literaturePeng Yin0Yunsong Pan1Deshun Chen2Wensheng Dong3Yongjun Fan4Jiaqiu Zhu5Hui Shi6Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Clinical Medical College of Jiangsu UniversityLianyungang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery,The First People’s Hospital of LianyungangDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Clinical Medical College of Jiangsu UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Clinical Medical College of Jiangsu UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Clinical Medical College of Jiangsu UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Second People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, Clinical Medical College of Jiangsu UniversityLianyungang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery,The First People’s Hospital of LianyungangAbstract Paroxysmal sympathoexcitatory syndrome is a clinical syndrome, recognized in a subgroup of survivors of severe acquired brain injury, of simultaneous, paroxysmal transient increases in sympathetic [elevated heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, temperature, sweating] and motor [posturing] activity. Coupled with the absence of uniform treatment guidelines, it is prone to underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis, leading to the adoption of inappropriate treatment protocols, which may adversely affect the prognosis of patients. This narrative review summarized the existing literature and provided a comprehensive account of the research history and terminology of PSH, epidemiology and pathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, therapeutic options, and prognosis, hoping to bring new ideas to the clinical treatment of PSH.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02564-wPSHEpidemiologyDiagnosisTreatment
spellingShingle Peng Yin
Yunsong Pan
Deshun Chen
Wensheng Dong
Yongjun Fan
Jiaqiu Zhu
Hui Shi
Diagnosis and management of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: a narrative review of recent literature
European Journal of Medical Research
PSH
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
title Diagnosis and management of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: a narrative review of recent literature
title_full Diagnosis and management of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: a narrative review of recent literature
title_fullStr Diagnosis and management of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: a narrative review of recent literature
title_full_unstemmed Diagnosis and management of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: a narrative review of recent literature
title_short Diagnosis and management of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: a narrative review of recent literature
title_sort diagnosis and management of paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity a narrative review of recent literature
topic PSH
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Treatment
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02564-w
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