Ultrasonic and Microwave-assisted Solid-Liquid Extraction of Ginkgo biloba Phenolics: Study about Mass Transfer and PID Control
In this study, both ultrasound and microwave techniques were utilized to intensify the extraction of phenolics from Ginkgo biloba leaves. A diffusion-based mathematical model was developed to explore the mass transfer mechanism about the studied extraction processes, and PID control algorithms were...
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The editorial department of Science and Technology of Food Industry
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Shipin gongye ke-ji |
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| Online Access: | http://www.spgykj.com/cn/article/doi/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024020115 |
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| author | Chi XU Hebin XU Rui ZHU Jing LI Dandan LI Yongbin HAN Yi ZHENG Yang TAO |
| author_facet | Chi XU Hebin XU Rui ZHU Jing LI Dandan LI Yongbin HAN Yi ZHENG Yang TAO |
| author_sort | Chi XU |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, both ultrasound and microwave techniques were utilized to intensify the extraction of phenolics from Ginkgo biloba leaves. A diffusion-based mathematical model was developed to explore the mass transfer mechanism about the studied extraction processes, and PID control algorithms were implemented to accurately control the extraction process. The results showed that ultrasound and microwave-assisted methods significantly enhanced the release and diffusion of polyphenol compared to the traditional shaker oscillation method. Compared with ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction demonstrated superior efficiency and diffusion effectiveness, quickly reached the maximum polyphenol content gradient across the leaf particles. With a solvent-to-liquid ratio of 1:40 g/mL, the effective diffusion coefficient (De) of polyphenol was determined to be 6.4×10−11 m2/s under ultrasound treatment (103.7 W/L) and ranged from 1.4×10−10 to 1.7×10−10 m2/s under microwave treatment (4800 W/L). The equilibrium polyphenol extraction yields were 27.492±2.666 mg/g for ultrasound treatment at 103.7 W/L and 28.453±1.115 mg/g for microwave treatment at 4800 W/L. Furthermore, fuzzy-PID controllers optimized by genetic algorithms or particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms outperformed traditional PID controller and individual fuzzy-PID controller to control the extraction process, achieving faster convergence with minimal overshoot. Specifically, under microwave power of 4800 W/L and a solvent-to-liquid ratio of 1:20 g/mL, the fuzzy-PID controller optimized by PSO algorithm proved optimal, with PSO factors set at 4.1350, 0.1100, and 0.0001. The corresponding convergence time was approximately 0.5 minutes and an overshoot was 1.12%. This study provides a theoretical foundation for digitalizing the ultrasonic and microwave-assisted extraction processes of polyphenol from Ginkgo biloba leaves. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4fd9841339e34ffdb8c5849213684770 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1002-0306 |
| language | zho |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | The editorial department of Science and Technology of Food Industry |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Shipin gongye ke-ji |
| spelling | doaj-art-4fd9841339e34ffdb8c58492136847702025-01-21T07:24:08ZzhoThe editorial department of Science and Technology of Food IndustryShipin gongye ke-ji1002-03062025-02-0146312013210.13386/j.issn1002-0306.20240201152024020115-3Ultrasonic and Microwave-assisted Solid-Liquid Extraction of Ginkgo biloba Phenolics: Study about Mass Transfer and PID ControlChi XU0Hebin XU1Rui ZHU2Jing LI3Dandan LI4Yongbin HAN5Yi ZHENG6Yang TAO7College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Animal Pharmacy, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Animal Pharmacy, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaIn this study, both ultrasound and microwave techniques were utilized to intensify the extraction of phenolics from Ginkgo biloba leaves. A diffusion-based mathematical model was developed to explore the mass transfer mechanism about the studied extraction processes, and PID control algorithms were implemented to accurately control the extraction process. The results showed that ultrasound and microwave-assisted methods significantly enhanced the release and diffusion of polyphenol compared to the traditional shaker oscillation method. Compared with ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction demonstrated superior efficiency and diffusion effectiveness, quickly reached the maximum polyphenol content gradient across the leaf particles. With a solvent-to-liquid ratio of 1:40 g/mL, the effective diffusion coefficient (De) of polyphenol was determined to be 6.4×10−11 m2/s under ultrasound treatment (103.7 W/L) and ranged from 1.4×10−10 to 1.7×10−10 m2/s under microwave treatment (4800 W/L). The equilibrium polyphenol extraction yields were 27.492±2.666 mg/g for ultrasound treatment at 103.7 W/L and 28.453±1.115 mg/g for microwave treatment at 4800 W/L. Furthermore, fuzzy-PID controllers optimized by genetic algorithms or particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms outperformed traditional PID controller and individual fuzzy-PID controller to control the extraction process, achieving faster convergence with minimal overshoot. Specifically, under microwave power of 4800 W/L and a solvent-to-liquid ratio of 1:20 g/mL, the fuzzy-PID controller optimized by PSO algorithm proved optimal, with PSO factors set at 4.1350, 0.1100, and 0.0001. The corresponding convergence time was approximately 0.5 minutes and an overshoot was 1.12%. This study provides a theoretical foundation for digitalizing the ultrasonic and microwave-assisted extraction processes of polyphenol from Ginkgo biloba leaves.http://www.spgykj.com/cn/article/doi/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024020115ginkgo biloba leavesextractionpolyphenolultrasoundmicrowavemass transferpid control |
| spellingShingle | Chi XU Hebin XU Rui ZHU Jing LI Dandan LI Yongbin HAN Yi ZHENG Yang TAO Ultrasonic and Microwave-assisted Solid-Liquid Extraction of Ginkgo biloba Phenolics: Study about Mass Transfer and PID Control Shipin gongye ke-ji ginkgo biloba leaves extraction polyphenol ultrasound microwave mass transfer pid control |
| title | Ultrasonic and Microwave-assisted Solid-Liquid Extraction of Ginkgo biloba Phenolics: Study about Mass Transfer and PID Control |
| title_full | Ultrasonic and Microwave-assisted Solid-Liquid Extraction of Ginkgo biloba Phenolics: Study about Mass Transfer and PID Control |
| title_fullStr | Ultrasonic and Microwave-assisted Solid-Liquid Extraction of Ginkgo biloba Phenolics: Study about Mass Transfer and PID Control |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultrasonic and Microwave-assisted Solid-Liquid Extraction of Ginkgo biloba Phenolics: Study about Mass Transfer and PID Control |
| title_short | Ultrasonic and Microwave-assisted Solid-Liquid Extraction of Ginkgo biloba Phenolics: Study about Mass Transfer and PID Control |
| title_sort | ultrasonic and microwave assisted solid liquid extraction of ginkgo biloba phenolics study about mass transfer and pid control |
| topic | ginkgo biloba leaves extraction polyphenol ultrasound microwave mass transfer pid control |
| url | http://www.spgykj.com/cn/article/doi/10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2024020115 |
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