Micro-to-nano-scale microstructural evolution and mechanical characteristics of (CrFeNiCu)100-xAlx high entropy alloys with x = 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 at.%
High entropy alloys (HEAs), as advanced materials, have gained significant attention over the past decade owing to their exceptional properties. As-cast (CrFeNiCu)100-xAlx HEAs (x = 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, and 15 at.%) were designed by adding Al as a minor element to the quaternary CrFeNiCu HEA to lead...
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Elsevier
2025-05-01
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| author | Dilshodbek Yusupov Sung Hwan Hong Muhammad Aoun Abbas Jun Su Ha Gyeol Chan Kang Elyorjon Jumaev Hae Jin Park Gian Song Jürgen Eckert Ki Buem Kim |
| author_facet | Dilshodbek Yusupov Sung Hwan Hong Muhammad Aoun Abbas Jun Su Ha Gyeol Chan Kang Elyorjon Jumaev Hae Jin Park Gian Song Jürgen Eckert Ki Buem Kim |
| author_sort | Dilshodbek Yusupov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | High entropy alloys (HEAs), as advanced materials, have gained significant attention over the past decade owing to their exceptional properties. As-cast (CrFeNiCu)100-xAlx HEAs (x = 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, and 15 at.%) were designed by adding Al as a minor element to the quaternary CrFeNiCu HEA to lead microstructural evolution and enhancement of mechanical properties. Systematic microstructural analyses found that addition of Al content more than 7 at.% induced significant micro-to-nano-scale microstructural evolution. A minor addition of Al content lower than 5 at.% was ineffective to modulate the microstructure of the HEAs composed of CrFeNi-rich FCC1 and Cu-FCC2 phases. In contrast, the HEAs containing Al content higher than 7 at.% exhibited crucial microstructural evolution from dual-phase FCC1/FCC2 structure to multi-phase FCC1/FCC2/BCC structure. Furthermore, the primary BCC dendrite revealed a phase separation into nanoscale A2/B2 phase, and L12 nanoprecipitates formed in the FCC phase. The Al content with large negative mixing enthalpy with constituent elements induced the micro-to-nano-scale chemical evolution and heterogeneity, which resulted in micro-to-nano-scale microstructural evolution. The volume fraction of the BCC phase strongly depended on Al content and significantly improved the yield strength from 291 MPa to 1366 MPa and Vickers hardness from 134 HV to 475 HV. Although the increase in volume fraction of BCC phase in the HEAs decreased plasticity from a higher than 45 %–16.02 %, this result could be considered reasonable plasticity for engineering materials. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4fd79e98079e44bb9943c64ee56be843 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-4fd79e98079e44bb9943c64ee56be8432025-08-20T03:14:45ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542025-05-01364882489210.1016/j.jmrt.2025.04.206Micro-to-nano-scale microstructural evolution and mechanical characteristics of (CrFeNiCu)100-xAlx high entropy alloys with x = 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 at.%Dilshodbek Yusupov0Sung Hwan Hong1Muhammad Aoun Abbas2Jun Su Ha3Gyeol Chan Kang4Elyorjon Jumaev5Hae Jin Park6Gian Song7Jürgen Eckert8Ki Buem Kim9Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author.Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of KoreaUniversity of Business and Science, 1 Gavhar Street, Chilanzar District, Tashkent, 100185, UzbekistanDepartment of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of KoreaDivision of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kongju National University, 1223-24, Cheonan-daero, Seobuk-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31080, Republic of KoreaErich Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Jahnstraße 12, 8700, Leoben, Austria; Department of Materials Science, Montanuniversität Leoben, Jahnstraße 12, 8700, Leoben, AustriaDepartment of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea; Corresponding author.High entropy alloys (HEAs), as advanced materials, have gained significant attention over the past decade owing to their exceptional properties. As-cast (CrFeNiCu)100-xAlx HEAs (x = 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, and 15 at.%) were designed by adding Al as a minor element to the quaternary CrFeNiCu HEA to lead microstructural evolution and enhancement of mechanical properties. Systematic microstructural analyses found that addition of Al content more than 7 at.% induced significant micro-to-nano-scale microstructural evolution. A minor addition of Al content lower than 5 at.% was ineffective to modulate the microstructure of the HEAs composed of CrFeNi-rich FCC1 and Cu-FCC2 phases. In contrast, the HEAs containing Al content higher than 7 at.% exhibited crucial microstructural evolution from dual-phase FCC1/FCC2 structure to multi-phase FCC1/FCC2/BCC structure. Furthermore, the primary BCC dendrite revealed a phase separation into nanoscale A2/B2 phase, and L12 nanoprecipitates formed in the FCC phase. The Al content with large negative mixing enthalpy with constituent elements induced the micro-to-nano-scale chemical evolution and heterogeneity, which resulted in micro-to-nano-scale microstructural evolution. The volume fraction of the BCC phase strongly depended on Al content and significantly improved the yield strength from 291 MPa to 1366 MPa and Vickers hardness from 134 HV to 475 HV. Although the increase in volume fraction of BCC phase in the HEAs decreased plasticity from a higher than 45 %–16.02 %, this result could be considered reasonable plasticity for engineering materials.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425010269High entropy alloyMicrostructureMechanical propertiesNanoprecipitatesMorphology |
| spellingShingle | Dilshodbek Yusupov Sung Hwan Hong Muhammad Aoun Abbas Jun Su Ha Gyeol Chan Kang Elyorjon Jumaev Hae Jin Park Gian Song Jürgen Eckert Ki Buem Kim Micro-to-nano-scale microstructural evolution and mechanical characteristics of (CrFeNiCu)100-xAlx high entropy alloys with x = 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 at.% Journal of Materials Research and Technology High entropy alloy Microstructure Mechanical properties Nanoprecipitates Morphology |
| title | Micro-to-nano-scale microstructural evolution and mechanical characteristics of (CrFeNiCu)100-xAlx high entropy alloys with x = 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 at.% |
| title_full | Micro-to-nano-scale microstructural evolution and mechanical characteristics of (CrFeNiCu)100-xAlx high entropy alloys with x = 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 at.% |
| title_fullStr | Micro-to-nano-scale microstructural evolution and mechanical characteristics of (CrFeNiCu)100-xAlx high entropy alloys with x = 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 at.% |
| title_full_unstemmed | Micro-to-nano-scale microstructural evolution and mechanical characteristics of (CrFeNiCu)100-xAlx high entropy alloys with x = 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 at.% |
| title_short | Micro-to-nano-scale microstructural evolution and mechanical characteristics of (CrFeNiCu)100-xAlx high entropy alloys with x = 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12 and 15 at.% |
| title_sort | micro to nano scale microstructural evolution and mechanical characteristics of crfenicu 100 xalx high entropy alloys with x 0 3 5 7 10 12 and 15 at |
| topic | High entropy alloy Microstructure Mechanical properties Nanoprecipitates Morphology |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785425010269 |
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