The role of intestinal macrophage polarization in colitis-associated colon cancer

Chronic inflammation of the intestine is a significant risk factor in the development of colorectal cancer. The emergence of colitis and colorectal cancer is a complex, multifactorial process involving chronic inflammation, immune regulation, and tumor microenvironment remodeling. Macrophages repres...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yujie Deng, Xiaobing Jia, Liu Liu, Qiao He, Lei Liu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1537631/full
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850070983703003136
author Yujie Deng
Xiaobing Jia
Liu Liu
Qiao He
Lei Liu
author_facet Yujie Deng
Xiaobing Jia
Liu Liu
Qiao He
Lei Liu
author_sort Yujie Deng
collection DOAJ
description Chronic inflammation of the intestine is a significant risk factor in the development of colorectal cancer. The emergence of colitis and colorectal cancer is a complex, multifactorial process involving chronic inflammation, immune regulation, and tumor microenvironment remodeling. Macrophages represent one of the most prevalent cells in the colorectal cancer microenvironment and play a pivotal role in maintaining intestinal health and the development of colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC). Macrophages are activated mainly in two ways and resulted in three phenotypes: classically activated macrophages (M1), alternatively activated macrophages (M2). The most characteristic of these cells are the pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 types, which play different roles at different stages of the disease. During chronic inflammation progresses to cancer, the proportion of M2 macrophages gradually increases. The M2 macrophages secrete cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β, which promote angiogenesis and matrix remodeling, and create the favorable conditions for cancer cell proliferation, infiltration, and migration. Therefore, macrophage polarization has a dual effect on the progression of colitis to CAC. The combination of immunotherapy with reprogrammed macrophages and anti-tumor drugs may provide an effective means for enhancing the therapeutic effect. It may represent a promising avenue for developing novel treatments for CAC. In this review, we focus on the process of intestinal macrophage polarization in CAC and the role of intestinal macrophage polarization in the progression of colitis to colon cancer, and review the immunotherapy targets and relevant drugs targeting macrophages in CAC.
format Article
id doaj-art-4fcd3e30e42e489bb92299b34c93ab39
institution DOAJ
issn 1664-3224
language English
publishDate 2025-03-01
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format Article
series Frontiers in Immunology
spelling doaj-art-4fcd3e30e42e489bb92299b34c93ab392025-08-20T02:47:24ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242025-03-011610.3389/fimmu.2025.15376311537631The role of intestinal macrophage polarization in colitis-associated colon cancerYujie Deng0Xiaobing Jia1Liu Liu2Qiao He3Lei Liu4Medical Research Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu (Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University), College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, ChinaThe First Outpatient Department, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan, ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Scie Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, ChinaMedical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, ChinaChronic inflammation of the intestine is a significant risk factor in the development of colorectal cancer. The emergence of colitis and colorectal cancer is a complex, multifactorial process involving chronic inflammation, immune regulation, and tumor microenvironment remodeling. Macrophages represent one of the most prevalent cells in the colorectal cancer microenvironment and play a pivotal role in maintaining intestinal health and the development of colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC). Macrophages are activated mainly in two ways and resulted in three phenotypes: classically activated macrophages (M1), alternatively activated macrophages (M2). The most characteristic of these cells are the pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 types, which play different roles at different stages of the disease. During chronic inflammation progresses to cancer, the proportion of M2 macrophages gradually increases. The M2 macrophages secrete cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β, which promote angiogenesis and matrix remodeling, and create the favorable conditions for cancer cell proliferation, infiltration, and migration. Therefore, macrophage polarization has a dual effect on the progression of colitis to CAC. The combination of immunotherapy with reprogrammed macrophages and anti-tumor drugs may provide an effective means for enhancing the therapeutic effect. It may represent a promising avenue for developing novel treatments for CAC. In this review, we focus on the process of intestinal macrophage polarization in CAC and the role of intestinal macrophage polarization in the progression of colitis to colon cancer, and review the immunotherapy targets and relevant drugs targeting macrophages in CAC.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1537631/fullmacrophage polarizationinflammatory bowel diseasecolitis-associated colon cancerimmunotherapytumor-associated macrophages (TAMs)
spellingShingle Yujie Deng
Xiaobing Jia
Liu Liu
Qiao He
Lei Liu
The role of intestinal macrophage polarization in colitis-associated colon cancer
Frontiers in Immunology
macrophage polarization
inflammatory bowel disease
colitis-associated colon cancer
immunotherapy
tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs)
title The role of intestinal macrophage polarization in colitis-associated colon cancer
title_full The role of intestinal macrophage polarization in colitis-associated colon cancer
title_fullStr The role of intestinal macrophage polarization in colitis-associated colon cancer
title_full_unstemmed The role of intestinal macrophage polarization in colitis-associated colon cancer
title_short The role of intestinal macrophage polarization in colitis-associated colon cancer
title_sort role of intestinal macrophage polarization in colitis associated colon cancer
topic macrophage polarization
inflammatory bowel disease
colitis-associated colon cancer
immunotherapy
tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs)
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1537631/full
work_keys_str_mv AT yujiedeng theroleofintestinalmacrophagepolarizationincolitisassociatedcoloncancer
AT xiaobingjia theroleofintestinalmacrophagepolarizationincolitisassociatedcoloncancer
AT liuliu theroleofintestinalmacrophagepolarizationincolitisassociatedcoloncancer
AT qiaohe theroleofintestinalmacrophagepolarizationincolitisassociatedcoloncancer
AT leiliu theroleofintestinalmacrophagepolarizationincolitisassociatedcoloncancer
AT yujiedeng roleofintestinalmacrophagepolarizationincolitisassociatedcoloncancer
AT xiaobingjia roleofintestinalmacrophagepolarizationincolitisassociatedcoloncancer
AT liuliu roleofintestinalmacrophagepolarizationincolitisassociatedcoloncancer
AT qiaohe roleofintestinalmacrophagepolarizationincolitisassociatedcoloncancer
AT leiliu roleofintestinalmacrophagepolarizationincolitisassociatedcoloncancer