Optimized Deployment of Generalized OCDM in Deep-Sea Shadow-Zone Underwater Acoustic Channels
Communication in deep-sea shadow zones remains a significant challenge due to high propagation losses, complex multipath effects, long transmission delays, and strong environmental influences. In recent years, orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) has demonstrated promising performance in un...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/7/1312 |
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| author | Haodong Yu Cheng Chi Yongxing Fan Zhanqing Pu Wei Wang Li Yin Yu Li Haining Huang |
| author_facet | Haodong Yu Cheng Chi Yongxing Fan Zhanqing Pu Wei Wang Li Yin Yu Li Haining Huang |
| author_sort | Haodong Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Communication in deep-sea shadow zones remains a significant challenge due to high propagation losses, complex multipath effects, long transmission delays, and strong environmental influences. In recent years, orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) has demonstrated promising performance in underwater acoustic communication due to its robustness against multipath interference. However, its high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) limits its reliability and efficiency in deep-sea shadow-zone environments. This study applies a recently proposed generalized orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (GOCDM) modulation scheme to deep-sea shadow-zone communication. GOCDM follows the same principles as orthogonal signal division multiplexing (OSDM) while offering the advantage of a reduced PAPR. By segmenting the data signal into multiple vector blocks, GOCDM enables flexible resource allocation, optimizing the PAPR without compromising performance. Theoretical analysis and practical simulations confirm that GOCDM preserves the full frequency diversity benefits of traditional OCDM, while mitigating PARR-related limitations. Additionally, deep-sea experiments were carried out to evaluate the practical performance of GOCDM in shadow-zone environments. The experimental results demonstrate that GOCDM achieves superior performance under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions, where the system attains a 0 bit error rate (BER) at 4.2 dB and 6.8 dB, making it a promising solution for enhancing underwater acoustic communication in challenging deep-sea environments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4fc47c0f572449448ace26fabf5a2fc7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-4fc47c0f572449448ace26fabf5a2fc72025-08-20T03:36:14ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122025-07-01137131210.3390/jmse13071312Optimized Deployment of Generalized OCDM in Deep-Sea Shadow-Zone Underwater Acoustic ChannelsHaodong Yu0Cheng Chi1Yongxing Fan2Zhanqing Pu3Wei Wang4Li Yin5Yu Li6Haining Huang7Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 21 North 4th Ring Road, Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 21 North 4th Ring Road, Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 21 North 4th Ring Road, Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 21 North 4th Ring Road, Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 21 North 4th Ring Road, Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 21 North 4th Ring Road, Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 21 North 4th Ring Road, Beijing 100190, ChinaInstitute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 21 North 4th Ring Road, Beijing 100190, ChinaCommunication in deep-sea shadow zones remains a significant challenge due to high propagation losses, complex multipath effects, long transmission delays, and strong environmental influences. In recent years, orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) has demonstrated promising performance in underwater acoustic communication due to its robustness against multipath interference. However, its high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) limits its reliability and efficiency in deep-sea shadow-zone environments. This study applies a recently proposed generalized orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (GOCDM) modulation scheme to deep-sea shadow-zone communication. GOCDM follows the same principles as orthogonal signal division multiplexing (OSDM) while offering the advantage of a reduced PAPR. By segmenting the data signal into multiple vector blocks, GOCDM enables flexible resource allocation, optimizing the PAPR without compromising performance. Theoretical analysis and practical simulations confirm that GOCDM preserves the full frequency diversity benefits of traditional OCDM, while mitigating PARR-related limitations. Additionally, deep-sea experiments were carried out to evaluate the practical performance of GOCDM in shadow-zone environments. The experimental results demonstrate that GOCDM achieves superior performance under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions, where the system attains a 0 bit error rate (BER) at 4.2 dB and 6.8 dB, making it a promising solution for enhancing underwater acoustic communication in challenging deep-sea environments.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/7/1312underwater acoustic communicationmulticarrier modulationdeep-sea communicationorthogonal chirp division multiplexing |
| spellingShingle | Haodong Yu Cheng Chi Yongxing Fan Zhanqing Pu Wei Wang Li Yin Yu Li Haining Huang Optimized Deployment of Generalized OCDM in Deep-Sea Shadow-Zone Underwater Acoustic Channels Journal of Marine Science and Engineering underwater acoustic communication multicarrier modulation deep-sea communication orthogonal chirp division multiplexing |
| title | Optimized Deployment of Generalized OCDM in Deep-Sea Shadow-Zone Underwater Acoustic Channels |
| title_full | Optimized Deployment of Generalized OCDM in Deep-Sea Shadow-Zone Underwater Acoustic Channels |
| title_fullStr | Optimized Deployment of Generalized OCDM in Deep-Sea Shadow-Zone Underwater Acoustic Channels |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimized Deployment of Generalized OCDM in Deep-Sea Shadow-Zone Underwater Acoustic Channels |
| title_short | Optimized Deployment of Generalized OCDM in Deep-Sea Shadow-Zone Underwater Acoustic Channels |
| title_sort | optimized deployment of generalized ocdm in deep sea shadow zone underwater acoustic channels |
| topic | underwater acoustic communication multicarrier modulation deep-sea communication orthogonal chirp division multiplexing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/13/7/1312 |
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