Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, resistin and the APTT waveform for the early diagnosis of serious bacterial infection and prediction of outcome in critically ill children.

<h4>Objective</h4>Bacterial Infections remains a leading cause of death in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). In this era of rising antimicrobial resistance, new tools are needed to guide antimicrobial use. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of procalcitonin (P...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Maryke J Nielsen, Paul Baines, Rebecca Jennings, Sarah Siner, Ruwanthi Kolamunnage-Dona, Paul Newland, Matthew Peak, Christine Chesters, Graham Jeffers, Colin Downey, Caroline Broughton, Lynsey McColl, Jennifer Preston, Anthony McKeever, Stephane Paulus, Nigel Cunliffe, Enitan D Carrol
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0246027&type=printable
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850134572916801536
author Maryke J Nielsen
Paul Baines
Rebecca Jennings
Sarah Siner
Ruwanthi Kolamunnage-Dona
Paul Newland
Matthew Peak
Christine Chesters
Graham Jeffers
Colin Downey
Caroline Broughton
Lynsey McColl
Jennifer Preston
Anthony McKeever
Stephane Paulus
Nigel Cunliffe
Enitan D Carrol
author_facet Maryke J Nielsen
Paul Baines
Rebecca Jennings
Sarah Siner
Ruwanthi Kolamunnage-Dona
Paul Newland
Matthew Peak
Christine Chesters
Graham Jeffers
Colin Downey
Caroline Broughton
Lynsey McColl
Jennifer Preston
Anthony McKeever
Stephane Paulus
Nigel Cunliffe
Enitan D Carrol
author_sort Maryke J Nielsen
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Objective</h4>Bacterial Infections remains a leading cause of death in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). In this era of rising antimicrobial resistance, new tools are needed to guide antimicrobial use. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of procalcitonin (PCT), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), resistin, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) waveform and C-reactive protein (CRP) for the diagnosis of serious bacterial infection (SBI) in children on admission to PICU and their use as prognostic indicators.<h4>Setting</h4>A regional PICU in the United Kingdom.<h4>Patients</h4>Consecutive PICU admissions between October 2010 and June 2012.<h4>Measurements</h4>Blood samples were collected daily for biomarker measurement. The primary outcome measure was performance of study biomarkers for diagnosis of SBI on admission to PICU based on clinical, radiological and microbiological criteria. Secondary outcomes included durations of PICU stay and invasive ventilation and 28-day mortality. Patients were followed up to day 28 post-admission.<h4>Main results</h4>A total of 657 patients were included in the study. 92 patients (14%) fulfilled criteria for SBI. 28-day mortality was 2.6% (17/657), but 8.7% (8/92) for patients with SBI. The combination of PCT, resistin, plasma NGAL and CRP resulted in the greatest net reclassification improvement compared to CRP alone (0.69, p<0.005) with 10.5% reduction in correct classification of patients with SBI (p 0.52) but a 78% improvement in correct classification of patients without events (p <0.005). A statistical model of prolonged duration of PICU stay found log-transformed maximum values of biomarkers performed better than first recorded biomarkers. The final model included maximum values of CRP, plasma NGAL, lymphocyte and platelet count (AUC 79%, 95% CI 73.7% to 84.2%). Longitudinal profiles of biomarkers showed PCT levels to decrease most rapidly following admission SBI.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Combinations of biomarkers, including PCT, may improve accurate and timely identification of SBI on admission to PICU.
format Article
id doaj-art-4fa3604fdacf47c5b46fc51f4ea02784
institution OA Journals
issn 1932-6203
language English
publishDate 2021-01-01
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
record_format Article
series PLoS ONE
spelling doaj-art-4fa3604fdacf47c5b46fc51f4ea027842025-08-20T02:31:41ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032021-01-01162e024602710.1371/journal.pone.0246027Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, resistin and the APTT waveform for the early diagnosis of serious bacterial infection and prediction of outcome in critically ill children.Maryke J NielsenPaul BainesRebecca JenningsSarah SinerRuwanthi Kolamunnage-DonaPaul NewlandMatthew PeakChristine ChestersGraham JeffersColin DowneyCaroline BroughtonLynsey McCollJennifer PrestonAnthony McKeeverStephane PaulusNigel CunliffeEnitan D Carrol<h4>Objective</h4>Bacterial Infections remains a leading cause of death in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). In this era of rising antimicrobial resistance, new tools are needed to guide antimicrobial use. The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of procalcitonin (PCT), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), resistin, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) waveform and C-reactive protein (CRP) for the diagnosis of serious bacterial infection (SBI) in children on admission to PICU and their use as prognostic indicators.<h4>Setting</h4>A regional PICU in the United Kingdom.<h4>Patients</h4>Consecutive PICU admissions between October 2010 and June 2012.<h4>Measurements</h4>Blood samples were collected daily for biomarker measurement. The primary outcome measure was performance of study biomarkers for diagnosis of SBI on admission to PICU based on clinical, radiological and microbiological criteria. Secondary outcomes included durations of PICU stay and invasive ventilation and 28-day mortality. Patients were followed up to day 28 post-admission.<h4>Main results</h4>A total of 657 patients were included in the study. 92 patients (14%) fulfilled criteria for SBI. 28-day mortality was 2.6% (17/657), but 8.7% (8/92) for patients with SBI. The combination of PCT, resistin, plasma NGAL and CRP resulted in the greatest net reclassification improvement compared to CRP alone (0.69, p<0.005) with 10.5% reduction in correct classification of patients with SBI (p 0.52) but a 78% improvement in correct classification of patients without events (p <0.005). A statistical model of prolonged duration of PICU stay found log-transformed maximum values of biomarkers performed better than first recorded biomarkers. The final model included maximum values of CRP, plasma NGAL, lymphocyte and platelet count (AUC 79%, 95% CI 73.7% to 84.2%). Longitudinal profiles of biomarkers showed PCT levels to decrease most rapidly following admission SBI.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Combinations of biomarkers, including PCT, may improve accurate and timely identification of SBI on admission to PICU.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0246027&type=printable
spellingShingle Maryke J Nielsen
Paul Baines
Rebecca Jennings
Sarah Siner
Ruwanthi Kolamunnage-Dona
Paul Newland
Matthew Peak
Christine Chesters
Graham Jeffers
Colin Downey
Caroline Broughton
Lynsey McColl
Jennifer Preston
Anthony McKeever
Stephane Paulus
Nigel Cunliffe
Enitan D Carrol
Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, resistin and the APTT waveform for the early diagnosis of serious bacterial infection and prediction of outcome in critically ill children.
PLoS ONE
title Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, resistin and the APTT waveform for the early diagnosis of serious bacterial infection and prediction of outcome in critically ill children.
title_full Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, resistin and the APTT waveform for the early diagnosis of serious bacterial infection and prediction of outcome in critically ill children.
title_fullStr Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, resistin and the APTT waveform for the early diagnosis of serious bacterial infection and prediction of outcome in critically ill children.
title_full_unstemmed Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, resistin and the APTT waveform for the early diagnosis of serious bacterial infection and prediction of outcome in critically ill children.
title_short Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, resistin and the APTT waveform for the early diagnosis of serious bacterial infection and prediction of outcome in critically ill children.
title_sort procalcitonin c reactive protein neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin resistin and the aptt waveform for the early diagnosis of serious bacterial infection and prediction of outcome in critically ill children
url https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0246027&type=printable
work_keys_str_mv AT marykejnielsen procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT paulbaines procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT rebeccajennings procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT sarahsiner procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT ruwanthikolamunnagedona procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT paulnewland procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT matthewpeak procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT christinechesters procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT grahamjeffers procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT colindowney procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT carolinebroughton procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT lynseymccoll procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT jenniferpreston procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT anthonymckeever procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT stephanepaulus procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT nigelcunliffe procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren
AT enitandcarrol procalcitonincreactiveproteinneutrophilgelatinaseassociatedlipocalinresistinandtheapttwaveformfortheearlydiagnosisofseriousbacterialinfectionandpredictionofoutcomeincriticallyillchildren