Reduction of malaria case incidence following the introduction of clothianidin-based indoor residual spraying in previously unsprayed districts: an observational analysis using health facility register data from Côte d’Ivoire, 2018–2022
Background Indoor residual spraying (IRS) using neonicotinoid-based insecticides (clothianidin and combined clothianidin with deltamethrin) was deployed in two previously unsprayed districts of Côte d’Ivoire in 2020 and 2021 to complement standard pyrethroid insecticide-treated nets. This retrospect...
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BMJ Publishing Group
2024-03-01
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| Series: | BMJ Global Health |
| Online Access: | https://gh.bmj.com/content/9/3/e013324.full |
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| author | Patricia Yepassis-Zembrou Sarah Burnett Emily R Hilton Allison Belemvire Ndombour Gning-Cisse Auguste Assi Mathieu Eyakou John Koffi Barthelemy Gnakou Bernard Kouassi Cecilia Flatley Joseph Chabi Constant Gbalegba Serge Alex Aimain Colette Yah Kokrasset Mea Antoine Tanoh Sylvain N'Gotta Octavie Yao Hughes Egou Assi Philomène Konan Kelly Davis Edi Constant Pascal Zinzindohoue Blaise Kouadio |
| author_facet | Patricia Yepassis-Zembrou Sarah Burnett Emily R Hilton Allison Belemvire Ndombour Gning-Cisse Auguste Assi Mathieu Eyakou John Koffi Barthelemy Gnakou Bernard Kouassi Cecilia Flatley Joseph Chabi Constant Gbalegba Serge Alex Aimain Colette Yah Kokrasset Mea Antoine Tanoh Sylvain N'Gotta Octavie Yao Hughes Egou Assi Philomène Konan Kelly Davis Edi Constant Pascal Zinzindohoue Blaise Kouadio |
| author_sort | Patricia Yepassis-Zembrou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Indoor residual spraying (IRS) using neonicotinoid-based insecticides (clothianidin and combined clothianidin with deltamethrin) was deployed in two previously unsprayed districts of Côte d’Ivoire in 2020 and 2021 to complement standard pyrethroid insecticide-treated nets. This retrospective observational study uses health facility register data to assess the impact of IRS on clinically reported malaria case incidence.Methods Health facility data were abstracted from consultation registers for the period September 2018 to April 2022 in two IRS districts and two control districts that did not receive IRS. Malaria cases reported by community health workers (CHWs) were obtained from district reports and District Health Information Systems 2. Facilities missing complete data were excluded. Controlled interrupted time series models were used to estimate the effect of IRS on monthly all-ages population-adjusted confirmed malaria cases and cases averted by IRS. Models controlled for transmission season, precipitation, vegetation, temperature, proportion of cases reported by CHWs, proportion of tested out of suspected cases and non-malaria outpatient visits.Results An estimated 10 988 (95% CI 5694 to 18 188) malaria cases were averted in IRS districts the year following the 2020 IRS campaign, representing a 15.9% reduction compared with if IRS had not been deployed. Case incidence in IRS districts dropped by 27.7% (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.723, 95% CI 0.592 to 0.885) the month after the campaign. In the 8 months after the 2021 campaign, 14 170 (95% CI 13 133 to 15 025) estimated cases were averted, a 24.7% reduction, and incidence in IRS districts dropped by 37.9% (IRR 0.621, 95% CI 0.462 to 0.835) immediately after IRS. Case incidence in control districts did not change following IRS either year (p>0.05) and the difference in incidence level change between IRS and control districts was significant both years (p<0.05).Conclusion Deployment of clothianidin-based IRS was associated with a reduction in malaria case rates in two districts of Côte d’Ivoire following IRS deployment in 2020 and 2021. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4f8d1636fc954d7c9809ff0ebbbad9ed |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2059-7908 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
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| series | BMJ Global Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-4f8d1636fc954d7c9809ff0ebbbad9ed2025-08-20T02:50:55ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Global Health2059-79082024-03-019310.1136/bmjgh-2023-013324Reduction of malaria case incidence following the introduction of clothianidin-based indoor residual spraying in previously unsprayed districts: an observational analysis using health facility register data from Côte d’Ivoire, 2018–2022Patricia Yepassis-Zembrou0Sarah Burnett1Emily R Hilton2Allison Belemvire3Ndombour Gning-Cisse4Auguste Assi5Mathieu Eyakou6John Koffi7Barthelemy Gnakou8Bernard Kouassi9Cecilia Flatley10Joseph Chabi11Constant Gbalegba12Serge Alex Aimain13Colette Yah Kokrasset14Mea Antoine Tanoh15Sylvain N'Gotta16Octavie Yao17Hughes Egou Assi18Philomène Konan19Kelly Davis20Edi Constant21Pascal Zinzindohoue22Blaise Kouadio23U.S. President’s Malaria Initiative, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoirePMI VectorLink Project, PATH, Washington, District of Columbia, USAPMI VectorLink Project, PATH, Seattle, Washington, USAUS President`s Malaria Initiative, US Agency for International Development, Washington, District of Columbia, USAPMI VectorLink Project, Abt Associates, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoirePMI VectorLink Project, Abt Associates, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoirePMI VectorLink Project, Abt Associates, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoirePMI VectorLink Project, Abt Associates, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoirePMI VectorLink Project, Abt Associates, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoirePMI VectorLink Project, Abt Associates, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoirePMI VectorLink Project, Abt Associates, Rockville, Maryland, USAPMI VectorLink Project, Abt Associates, Rockville, Maryland, USAProgramme National de Lutte Contre le Paludisme, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoireProgramme National de Lutte Contre le Paludisme, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoireProgramme National de Lutte Contre le Paludisme, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoireProgramme National de Lutte Contre le Paludisme, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoireProgramme National de Lutte Contre le Paludisme, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoireProgramme National de Lutte Contre le Paludisme, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoireDirection de l`Informatique et de l`Information Sanitaire, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoireDirection de l`Informatique et de l`Information Sanitaire, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoirePMI VectorLink Project, PATH, Washington, District of Columbia, USACentre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d`Ivoire, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoireU.S. President’s Malaria Initiative, U.S. Agency for International Development, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoireU.S. President’s Malaria Initiative, U.S. Agency for International Development, Abidjan, Côte d`IvoireBackground Indoor residual spraying (IRS) using neonicotinoid-based insecticides (clothianidin and combined clothianidin with deltamethrin) was deployed in two previously unsprayed districts of Côte d’Ivoire in 2020 and 2021 to complement standard pyrethroid insecticide-treated nets. This retrospective observational study uses health facility register data to assess the impact of IRS on clinically reported malaria case incidence.Methods Health facility data were abstracted from consultation registers for the period September 2018 to April 2022 in two IRS districts and two control districts that did not receive IRS. Malaria cases reported by community health workers (CHWs) were obtained from district reports and District Health Information Systems 2. Facilities missing complete data were excluded. Controlled interrupted time series models were used to estimate the effect of IRS on monthly all-ages population-adjusted confirmed malaria cases and cases averted by IRS. Models controlled for transmission season, precipitation, vegetation, temperature, proportion of cases reported by CHWs, proportion of tested out of suspected cases and non-malaria outpatient visits.Results An estimated 10 988 (95% CI 5694 to 18 188) malaria cases were averted in IRS districts the year following the 2020 IRS campaign, representing a 15.9% reduction compared with if IRS had not been deployed. Case incidence in IRS districts dropped by 27.7% (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.723, 95% CI 0.592 to 0.885) the month after the campaign. In the 8 months after the 2021 campaign, 14 170 (95% CI 13 133 to 15 025) estimated cases were averted, a 24.7% reduction, and incidence in IRS districts dropped by 37.9% (IRR 0.621, 95% CI 0.462 to 0.835) immediately after IRS. Case incidence in control districts did not change following IRS either year (p>0.05) and the difference in incidence level change between IRS and control districts was significant both years (p<0.05).Conclusion Deployment of clothianidin-based IRS was associated with a reduction in malaria case rates in two districts of Côte d’Ivoire following IRS deployment in 2020 and 2021.https://gh.bmj.com/content/9/3/e013324.full |
| spellingShingle | Patricia Yepassis-Zembrou Sarah Burnett Emily R Hilton Allison Belemvire Ndombour Gning-Cisse Auguste Assi Mathieu Eyakou John Koffi Barthelemy Gnakou Bernard Kouassi Cecilia Flatley Joseph Chabi Constant Gbalegba Serge Alex Aimain Colette Yah Kokrasset Mea Antoine Tanoh Sylvain N'Gotta Octavie Yao Hughes Egou Assi Philomène Konan Kelly Davis Edi Constant Pascal Zinzindohoue Blaise Kouadio Reduction of malaria case incidence following the introduction of clothianidin-based indoor residual spraying in previously unsprayed districts: an observational analysis using health facility register data from Côte d’Ivoire, 2018–2022 BMJ Global Health |
| title | Reduction of malaria case incidence following the introduction of clothianidin-based indoor residual spraying in previously unsprayed districts: an observational analysis using health facility register data from Côte d’Ivoire, 2018–2022 |
| title_full | Reduction of malaria case incidence following the introduction of clothianidin-based indoor residual spraying in previously unsprayed districts: an observational analysis using health facility register data from Côte d’Ivoire, 2018–2022 |
| title_fullStr | Reduction of malaria case incidence following the introduction of clothianidin-based indoor residual spraying in previously unsprayed districts: an observational analysis using health facility register data from Côte d’Ivoire, 2018–2022 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reduction of malaria case incidence following the introduction of clothianidin-based indoor residual spraying in previously unsprayed districts: an observational analysis using health facility register data from Côte d’Ivoire, 2018–2022 |
| title_short | Reduction of malaria case incidence following the introduction of clothianidin-based indoor residual spraying in previously unsprayed districts: an observational analysis using health facility register data from Côte d’Ivoire, 2018–2022 |
| title_sort | reduction of malaria case incidence following the introduction of clothianidin based indoor residual spraying in previously unsprayed districts an observational analysis using health facility register data from cote d ivoire 2018 2022 |
| url | https://gh.bmj.com/content/9/3/e013324.full |
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