Photocatalytic degradation of phenol using cadmium-TiO2/chitosan hybrid catalysts
In this study, hybrid catalysts of cadmium-doped TiO _2 (Cd-TiO _2 ) and hydrolyzed chitosan (Cd-TiO _2 /Q) were developed for the photocatalytic degradation of phenol in water. The Cd- TiO _2 /Q catalysts were synthesized using a sonochemical approach involving food-grade commercial TiO _2 , incipi...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
IOP Publishing
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Materials Research Express |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ade11c |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849336944643801088 |
|---|---|
| author | D Ángeles-Beltrán G Chavez-Esquivel J A Tavizón-Pozos V A Suárez-Toriello C E Santolalla-Vargas O Aguilar-Martínez |
| author_facet | D Ángeles-Beltrán G Chavez-Esquivel J A Tavizón-Pozos V A Suárez-Toriello C E Santolalla-Vargas O Aguilar-Martínez |
| author_sort | D Ángeles-Beltrán |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, hybrid catalysts of cadmium-doped TiO _2 (Cd-TiO _2 ) and hydrolyzed chitosan (Cd-TiO _2 /Q) were developed for the photocatalytic degradation of phenol in water. The Cd- TiO _2 /Q catalysts were synthesized using a sonochemical approach involving food-grade commercial TiO _2 , incipient impregnation, and a solution-casting method for Q, all mixed by ultrasonication. The TiO _2 , TiO _2 /Q, Cd-TiO _2 , and Cd-TiO _2 /Q catalysts were characterized by N _2 -Physisorption, Raman spectroscopy, UV–vis Diffuse Reflectance, x-ray diffraction, x-ray Spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive. The results of photocatalytic phenol degradation were fitted to a pseudo-first-order kinetic model, where the Cd-TiO _2 and Cd-TiO _2 /Q hybrid catalysts showed a 45% higher kinetic constant than the TiO _2 , TiO _2 /Q, and Cd-TiO _2 catalysts under UV irradiation. Incorporating the Cd and Q into TiO _2 system modified the surface properties of the Cd-TiO _2 /Q catalyst, reducing the surface area by up to 7-fold compared to TiO _2 . The synergistic effect of the Cd ^2+ and Q functional groups is responsible for the improved performance of Cd-TiO _2 /Q, despite its lower specific surface area. This catalyst also maintained the A-TiO _2 phase dominance and showed evidence of substitutional doping without the formation of a secondary crystalline Cd phase. These findings highlight the potential of the Cd-TiO _2 /Q hybrid catalyst, for efficient phenol degradation and offer insights into the role of organic–inorganic hybrid materials in photocatalytic applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4f848e60cd1648dcbb3d08e59a059679 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2053-1591 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials Research Express |
| spelling | doaj-art-4f848e60cd1648dcbb3d08e59a0596792025-08-20T03:44:51ZengIOP PublishingMaterials Research Express2053-15912025-01-0112606590110.1088/2053-1591/ade11cPhotocatalytic degradation of phenol using cadmium-TiO2/chitosan hybrid catalystsD Ángeles-Beltrán0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6352-5267G Chavez-Esquivel1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0083-4043J A Tavizón-Pozos2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8788-4034V A Suárez-Toriello3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4631-0018C E Santolalla-Vargas4O Aguilar-Martínez5Área de Química, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco . Av. San Pablo 180, Colonia Nueva el Rosario, Azcapotzalco, Ciudad de México, 02128, MexicoÁrea de Química, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco . Av. San Pablo 180, Colonia Nueva el Rosario, Azcapotzalco, Ciudad de México, 02128, MexicoSECIHTI-UAM, Área de Química, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Azcapotzalco , Av. San Pablo No. 420, Nueva el Rosario, Azcapotzalco, Ciudad de México, 02128, MexicoSECIHTI-UAM, Departamento de Ingeniería e Hidráulica, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana–Iztapalapa , Av. FFCC R. Atlixco 186, Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, 09340, MexicoDepartamento de Biociencias e Ingeniería, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional , 30 de Junio de 1520 s/n, Ciudad de México, 07340, MexicoDepartamento de Biociencias e Ingeniería, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigaciones y Estudios sobre Medio Ambiente y Desarrollo (CIIEMAD), Instituto Politécnico Nacional , 30 de Junio de 1520 s/n, Ciudad de México, 07340, MexicoIn this study, hybrid catalysts of cadmium-doped TiO _2 (Cd-TiO _2 ) and hydrolyzed chitosan (Cd-TiO _2 /Q) were developed for the photocatalytic degradation of phenol in water. The Cd- TiO _2 /Q catalysts were synthesized using a sonochemical approach involving food-grade commercial TiO _2 , incipient impregnation, and a solution-casting method for Q, all mixed by ultrasonication. The TiO _2 , TiO _2 /Q, Cd-TiO _2 , and Cd-TiO _2 /Q catalysts were characterized by N _2 -Physisorption, Raman spectroscopy, UV–vis Diffuse Reflectance, x-ray diffraction, x-ray Spectroscopy, and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive. The results of photocatalytic phenol degradation were fitted to a pseudo-first-order kinetic model, where the Cd-TiO _2 and Cd-TiO _2 /Q hybrid catalysts showed a 45% higher kinetic constant than the TiO _2 , TiO _2 /Q, and Cd-TiO _2 catalysts under UV irradiation. Incorporating the Cd and Q into TiO _2 system modified the surface properties of the Cd-TiO _2 /Q catalyst, reducing the surface area by up to 7-fold compared to TiO _2 . The synergistic effect of the Cd ^2+ and Q functional groups is responsible for the improved performance of Cd-TiO _2 /Q, despite its lower specific surface area. This catalyst also maintained the A-TiO _2 phase dominance and showed evidence of substitutional doping without the formation of a secondary crystalline Cd phase. These findings highlight the potential of the Cd-TiO _2 /Q hybrid catalyst, for efficient phenol degradation and offer insights into the role of organic–inorganic hybrid materials in photocatalytic applications.https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ade11cchitosanTiO2hybrid catalystphenol mineralization |
| spellingShingle | D Ángeles-Beltrán G Chavez-Esquivel J A Tavizón-Pozos V A Suárez-Toriello C E Santolalla-Vargas O Aguilar-Martínez Photocatalytic degradation of phenol using cadmium-TiO2/chitosan hybrid catalysts Materials Research Express chitosan TiO2 hybrid catalyst phenol mineralization |
| title | Photocatalytic degradation of phenol using cadmium-TiO2/chitosan hybrid catalysts |
| title_full | Photocatalytic degradation of phenol using cadmium-TiO2/chitosan hybrid catalysts |
| title_fullStr | Photocatalytic degradation of phenol using cadmium-TiO2/chitosan hybrid catalysts |
| title_full_unstemmed | Photocatalytic degradation of phenol using cadmium-TiO2/chitosan hybrid catalysts |
| title_short | Photocatalytic degradation of phenol using cadmium-TiO2/chitosan hybrid catalysts |
| title_sort | photocatalytic degradation of phenol using cadmium tio2 chitosan hybrid catalysts |
| topic | chitosan TiO2 hybrid catalyst phenol mineralization |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ade11c |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT dangelesbeltran photocatalyticdegradationofphenolusingcadmiumtio2chitosanhybridcatalysts AT gchavezesquivel photocatalyticdegradationofphenolusingcadmiumtio2chitosanhybridcatalysts AT jatavizonpozos photocatalyticdegradationofphenolusingcadmiumtio2chitosanhybridcatalysts AT vasuareztoriello photocatalyticdegradationofphenolusingcadmiumtio2chitosanhybridcatalysts AT cesantolallavargas photocatalyticdegradationofphenolusingcadmiumtio2chitosanhybridcatalysts AT oaguilarmartinez photocatalyticdegradationofphenolusingcadmiumtio2chitosanhybridcatalysts |