Management of Dysarthria in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) stands as the leading neurodegenerative disorder affecting the motor system. One of the hallmarks of ALS, especially its bulbar form, is dysarthria, which significantly impairs the quality of life of ALS patients. This review provides a comprehensive overview of t...

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Main Authors: Elena Pasqualucci, Diletta Angeletti, Pamela Rosso, Elena Fico, Federica Zoccali, Paola Tirassa, Armando De Virgilio, Marco de Vincentiis, Cinzia Severini
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Cells
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/14/1048
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author Elena Pasqualucci
Diletta Angeletti
Pamela Rosso
Elena Fico
Federica Zoccali
Paola Tirassa
Armando De Virgilio
Marco de Vincentiis
Cinzia Severini
author_facet Elena Pasqualucci
Diletta Angeletti
Pamela Rosso
Elena Fico
Federica Zoccali
Paola Tirassa
Armando De Virgilio
Marco de Vincentiis
Cinzia Severini
author_sort Elena Pasqualucci
collection DOAJ
description Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) stands as the leading neurodegenerative disorder affecting the motor system. One of the hallmarks of ALS, especially its bulbar form, is dysarthria, which significantly impairs the quality of life of ALS patients. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on the clinical manifestations, diagnostic differentiation, underlying mechanisms, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic strategies for the treatment of dysarthria in ALS. We update on the most promising digital speech biomarkers of ALS that are critical for early and differential diagnosis. Advances in artificial intelligence and digital speech processing have transformed the analysis of speech patterns, and offer the opportunity to start therapy early to improve vocal function, as speech rate appears to decline significantly before the diagnosis of ALS is confirmed. In addition, we discuss the impact of interventions that can improve vocal function and quality of life for patients, such as compensatory speech techniques, surgical options, improving lung function and respiratory muscle strength, and percutaneous dilated tracheostomy, possibly with adjunctive therapies to treat respiratory insufficiency, and finally assistive devices for alternative communication.
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issn 2073-4409
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publisher MDPI AG
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series Cells
spelling doaj-art-4f816fcd144d44e78db69a2b7fd5bed12025-08-20T02:45:54ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092025-07-011414104810.3390/cells14141048Management of Dysarthria in Amyotrophic Lateral SclerosisElena Pasqualucci0Diletta Angeletti1Pamela Rosso2Elena Fico3Federica Zoccali4Paola Tirassa5Armando De Virgilio6Marco de Vincentiis7Cinzia Severini8Department of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyInsitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, 00161 Rome, ItalyInsitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyInsitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Sense Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, ItalyInsitute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council of Italy, 00161 Rome, ItalyAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) stands as the leading neurodegenerative disorder affecting the motor system. One of the hallmarks of ALS, especially its bulbar form, is dysarthria, which significantly impairs the quality of life of ALS patients. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on the clinical manifestations, diagnostic differentiation, underlying mechanisms, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic strategies for the treatment of dysarthria in ALS. We update on the most promising digital speech biomarkers of ALS that are critical for early and differential diagnosis. Advances in artificial intelligence and digital speech processing have transformed the analysis of speech patterns, and offer the opportunity to start therapy early to improve vocal function, as speech rate appears to decline significantly before the diagnosis of ALS is confirmed. In addition, we discuss the impact of interventions that can improve vocal function and quality of life for patients, such as compensatory speech techniques, surgical options, improving lung function and respiratory muscle strength, and percutaneous dilated tracheostomy, possibly with adjunctive therapies to treat respiratory insufficiency, and finally assistive devices for alternative communication.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/14/1048amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)dysarthriadiagnosisspeech biomarkersspeech therapy
spellingShingle Elena Pasqualucci
Diletta Angeletti
Pamela Rosso
Elena Fico
Federica Zoccali
Paola Tirassa
Armando De Virgilio
Marco de Vincentiis
Cinzia Severini
Management of Dysarthria in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Cells
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
dysarthria
diagnosis
speech biomarkers
speech therapy
title Management of Dysarthria in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
title_full Management of Dysarthria in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
title_fullStr Management of Dysarthria in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
title_full_unstemmed Management of Dysarthria in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
title_short Management of Dysarthria in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
title_sort management of dysarthria in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
topic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
dysarthria
diagnosis
speech biomarkers
speech therapy
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/14/14/1048
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