Hyperuricemia—Especially “Metabolic Hyperuricemia”—Is Independently Associated with a Higher Risk of Steatotic Liver Disease
<b>Background</b>: Hyperuricemia and steatotic liver disease are both associated with various comorbidities and mortality. This study was carried out to study the association between hyperuricemia and steatotic liver disease and to assess the impact of the etiology of hyperuricemia on th...
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2025-05-01
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| author | Janis Timsans Jenni Kauppi Vappu Rantalaiho Anne Kerola Kia Hakkarainen Mika Paldanius Hannu Kautiainen Markku Kauppi |
| author_facet | Janis Timsans Jenni Kauppi Vappu Rantalaiho Anne Kerola Kia Hakkarainen Mika Paldanius Hannu Kautiainen Markku Kauppi |
| author_sort | Janis Timsans |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background</b>: Hyperuricemia and steatotic liver disease are both associated with various comorbidities and mortality. This study was carried out to study the association between hyperuricemia and steatotic liver disease and to assess the impact of the etiology of hyperuricemia on the development of steatotic liver disease. <b>Methods</b>: Data from a population-based study of 2635 individuals aged 52–76 years was used. Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum urate (SU) of >410 μmol/L (≈6.9 mg/dL; 75th percentile) and steatotic liver disease as a fatty liver index (FLI) of ≥80 (75th percentile). We defined hyperuricemia as renal if estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was ≤67 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> (25th percentile) and as metabolic if eGFR was >67 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>. <b>Results</b>: FLI correlated with SU in women [r = 0.47 (95% CI: 0.43 to 0.51)] and men [r = 0.37 (95% CI: 0.32 to 0.42)]. Compared to those with SU ≤ 410 μmol/L and FLI < 80, the hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality was 1.76 (95% CI: 1.39 to 2.23) in hyperuricemic individuals with FLI ≥ 80, 1.16 (95% CI: 0.95 to 1.40) in hyperuricemic individuals with FLI < 80, and 1.34 (95% CI: 1.06 to 1.70) in persons with SU ≤ 410 μmol/L and FLI ≥ 80. Individuals with metabolic hyperuricemia had a statistically significantly higher FLI than individuals with renal hyperuricemia: mean (SD) = 73.4 (12.2) and 69.6 (22.5), respectively, <i>p</i> = 0.015 after adjusting for sex and diabetes. <b>Conclusions</b>: FLI correlates positively with SU, and it is higher in persons with metabolic hyperuricemia. Both steatotic liver disease and hyperuricemia increase mortality. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4f790ebd204747be9ee21ecce493f1fd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-4f790ebd204747be9ee21ecce493f1fd2025-08-20T03:27:15ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892025-05-0115635610.3390/metabo15060356Hyperuricemia—Especially “Metabolic Hyperuricemia”—Is Independently Associated with a Higher Risk of Steatotic Liver DiseaseJanis Timsans0Jenni Kauppi1Vappu Rantalaiho2Anne Kerola3Kia Hakkarainen4Mika Paldanius5Hannu Kautiainen6Markku Kauppi7Department of Rheumatology, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Päijät-Häme, 15850 Lahti, FinlandUnit of Physiatry and Rehabilitation Medicine, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Päijät-Häme, 15850 Lahti, FinlandFaculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, FinlandDepartment of Rheumatology, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Päijät-Häme, 15850 Lahti, FinlandDepartment of Nephrology, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Päijät-Häme, 15850 Lahti, FinlandOulu University of Applied Sciences, 90570 Oulu, FinlandFolkhälsan Research Center, 00250 Helsinki, FinlandDepartment of Rheumatology, Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Wellbeing Services County of Päijät-Häme, 15850 Lahti, Finland<b>Background</b>: Hyperuricemia and steatotic liver disease are both associated with various comorbidities and mortality. This study was carried out to study the association between hyperuricemia and steatotic liver disease and to assess the impact of the etiology of hyperuricemia on the development of steatotic liver disease. <b>Methods</b>: Data from a population-based study of 2635 individuals aged 52–76 years was used. Hyperuricemia was defined as a serum urate (SU) of >410 μmol/L (≈6.9 mg/dL; 75th percentile) and steatotic liver disease as a fatty liver index (FLI) of ≥80 (75th percentile). We defined hyperuricemia as renal if estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was ≤67 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> (25th percentile) and as metabolic if eGFR was >67 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup>. <b>Results</b>: FLI correlated with SU in women [r = 0.47 (95% CI: 0.43 to 0.51)] and men [r = 0.37 (95% CI: 0.32 to 0.42)]. Compared to those with SU ≤ 410 μmol/L and FLI < 80, the hazard ratio (HR) for all-cause mortality was 1.76 (95% CI: 1.39 to 2.23) in hyperuricemic individuals with FLI ≥ 80, 1.16 (95% CI: 0.95 to 1.40) in hyperuricemic individuals with FLI < 80, and 1.34 (95% CI: 1.06 to 1.70) in persons with SU ≤ 410 μmol/L and FLI ≥ 80. Individuals with metabolic hyperuricemia had a statistically significantly higher FLI than individuals with renal hyperuricemia: mean (SD) = 73.4 (12.2) and 69.6 (22.5), respectively, <i>p</i> = 0.015 after adjusting for sex and diabetes. <b>Conclusions</b>: FLI correlates positively with SU, and it is higher in persons with metabolic hyperuricemia. Both steatotic liver disease and hyperuricemia increase mortality.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/6/356hyperuricemiaserum uric acidserum uratemetabolic hyperuricemiarenal hyperuricemiasteatotic liver disease |
| spellingShingle | Janis Timsans Jenni Kauppi Vappu Rantalaiho Anne Kerola Kia Hakkarainen Mika Paldanius Hannu Kautiainen Markku Kauppi Hyperuricemia—Especially “Metabolic Hyperuricemia”—Is Independently Associated with a Higher Risk of Steatotic Liver Disease Metabolites hyperuricemia serum uric acid serum urate metabolic hyperuricemia renal hyperuricemia steatotic liver disease |
| title | Hyperuricemia—Especially “Metabolic Hyperuricemia”—Is Independently Associated with a Higher Risk of Steatotic Liver Disease |
| title_full | Hyperuricemia—Especially “Metabolic Hyperuricemia”—Is Independently Associated with a Higher Risk of Steatotic Liver Disease |
| title_fullStr | Hyperuricemia—Especially “Metabolic Hyperuricemia”—Is Independently Associated with a Higher Risk of Steatotic Liver Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hyperuricemia—Especially “Metabolic Hyperuricemia”—Is Independently Associated with a Higher Risk of Steatotic Liver Disease |
| title_short | Hyperuricemia—Especially “Metabolic Hyperuricemia”—Is Independently Associated with a Higher Risk of Steatotic Liver Disease |
| title_sort | hyperuricemia especially metabolic hyperuricemia is independently associated with a higher risk of steatotic liver disease |
| topic | hyperuricemia serum uric acid serum urate metabolic hyperuricemia renal hyperuricemia steatotic liver disease |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/15/6/356 |
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