Relationship between regional volume changes and water diffusion in fixed marmoset brains: an in vivo and ex vivo comparison

Abstract Ex vivo studies of the brain are often employed as experimental systems in neuroscience. In general, brains for ex vivo MRI studies are usually fixed with paraformaldehyde to preserve molecular structure and prevent tissue destruction during long-term storage. As a result, fixing brain tiss...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Daisuke Yoshimaru, Tomokazu Tsurugizawa, Naoya Hayashi, Junichi Hata, Shuhei Shibukawa, Kei Hagiya, Hinako Oshiro, Noriyuki Kishi, Kazuhiro Saito, Hideyuki Okano, Hirotaka James Okano
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-11-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78246-0
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850196285303291904
author Daisuke Yoshimaru
Tomokazu Tsurugizawa
Naoya Hayashi
Junichi Hata
Shuhei Shibukawa
Kei Hagiya
Hinako Oshiro
Noriyuki Kishi
Kazuhiro Saito
Hideyuki Okano
Hirotaka James Okano
author_facet Daisuke Yoshimaru
Tomokazu Tsurugizawa
Naoya Hayashi
Junichi Hata
Shuhei Shibukawa
Kei Hagiya
Hinako Oshiro
Noriyuki Kishi
Kazuhiro Saito
Hideyuki Okano
Hirotaka James Okano
author_sort Daisuke Yoshimaru
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Ex vivo studies of the brain are often employed as experimental systems in neuroscience. In general, brains for ex vivo MRI studies are usually fixed with paraformaldehyde to preserve molecular structure and prevent tissue destruction during long-term storage. As a result, fixing brain tissue causes microstructural changes and a decrease in brain volume. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the regional effect of brain volume and microstructural changes on the restricted diffusion of water molecules in the common marmoset brain using in vivo and ex vivo brains from the same individual. We used 9.4T magnetic resonance imaging and also compared the T2-weighted images and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data between in vivo and ex vivo brains to investigate changes in brain volume and diffusion of water molecules in 12 common marmosets. We compared fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, AD (axial diffusivity), and radial diffusivity values in white matter and gray matter between in vivo and ex vivo brains. We observed that AD showed the strongest correlation with regional volume changes in gray matter. The results showed a strong correlation between AD and changes in brain volume. By comparing the in vivo and ex vivo brains of the same individual, we identified significant correlations between the local effects of perfusion fixation on microstructural and volumetric changes of the brain and alterations in the restricted diffusion of water molecules within the brain. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex relationships between tissue fixation, brain structure, and water diffusion properties in the marmoset brain.
format Article
id doaj-art-4f6d2d2dff544551ad42305df2d01ae4
institution OA Journals
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2024-11-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-4f6d2d2dff544551ad42305df2d01ae42025-08-20T02:13:31ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222024-11-0114111210.1038/s41598-024-78246-0Relationship between regional volume changes and water diffusion in fixed marmoset brains: an in vivo and ex vivo comparisonDaisuke Yoshimaru0Tomokazu Tsurugizawa1Naoya Hayashi2Junichi Hata3Shuhei Shibukawa4Kei Hagiya5Hinako Oshiro6Noriyuki Kishi7Kazuhiro Saito8Hideyuki Okano9Hirotaka James Okano10Division of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of MedicineLaboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain ScienceLaboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain ScienceDivision of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of MedicineDepartment of Radiology, Tokyo Medical UniversityLaboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain ScienceLaboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain ScienceLaboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain ScienceDepartment of Radiology, Tokyo Medical UniversityLaboratory for Marmoset Neural Architecture, RIKEN Center for Brain ScienceDivision of Regenerative Medicine, The Jikei University School of MedicineAbstract Ex vivo studies of the brain are often employed as experimental systems in neuroscience. In general, brains for ex vivo MRI studies are usually fixed with paraformaldehyde to preserve molecular structure and prevent tissue destruction during long-term storage. As a result, fixing brain tissue causes microstructural changes and a decrease in brain volume. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the regional effect of brain volume and microstructural changes on the restricted diffusion of water molecules in the common marmoset brain using in vivo and ex vivo brains from the same individual. We used 9.4T magnetic resonance imaging and also compared the T2-weighted images and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) data between in vivo and ex vivo brains to investigate changes in brain volume and diffusion of water molecules in 12 common marmosets. We compared fractional anisotropy, mean diffusivity, AD (axial diffusivity), and radial diffusivity values in white matter and gray matter between in vivo and ex vivo brains. We observed that AD showed the strongest correlation with regional volume changes in gray matter. The results showed a strong correlation between AD and changes in brain volume. By comparing the in vivo and ex vivo brains of the same individual, we identified significant correlations between the local effects of perfusion fixation on microstructural and volumetric changes of the brain and alterations in the restricted diffusion of water molecules within the brain. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex relationships between tissue fixation, brain structure, and water diffusion properties in the marmoset brain.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78246-0
spellingShingle Daisuke Yoshimaru
Tomokazu Tsurugizawa
Naoya Hayashi
Junichi Hata
Shuhei Shibukawa
Kei Hagiya
Hinako Oshiro
Noriyuki Kishi
Kazuhiro Saito
Hideyuki Okano
Hirotaka James Okano
Relationship between regional volume changes and water diffusion in fixed marmoset brains: an in vivo and ex vivo comparison
Scientific Reports
title Relationship between regional volume changes and water diffusion in fixed marmoset brains: an in vivo and ex vivo comparison
title_full Relationship between regional volume changes and water diffusion in fixed marmoset brains: an in vivo and ex vivo comparison
title_fullStr Relationship between regional volume changes and water diffusion in fixed marmoset brains: an in vivo and ex vivo comparison
title_full_unstemmed Relationship between regional volume changes and water diffusion in fixed marmoset brains: an in vivo and ex vivo comparison
title_short Relationship between regional volume changes and water diffusion in fixed marmoset brains: an in vivo and ex vivo comparison
title_sort relationship between regional volume changes and water diffusion in fixed marmoset brains an in vivo and ex vivo comparison
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78246-0
work_keys_str_mv AT daisukeyoshimaru relationshipbetweenregionalvolumechangesandwaterdiffusioninfixedmarmosetbrainsaninvivoandexvivocomparison
AT tomokazutsurugizawa relationshipbetweenregionalvolumechangesandwaterdiffusioninfixedmarmosetbrainsaninvivoandexvivocomparison
AT naoyahayashi relationshipbetweenregionalvolumechangesandwaterdiffusioninfixedmarmosetbrainsaninvivoandexvivocomparison
AT junichihata relationshipbetweenregionalvolumechangesandwaterdiffusioninfixedmarmosetbrainsaninvivoandexvivocomparison
AT shuheishibukawa relationshipbetweenregionalvolumechangesandwaterdiffusioninfixedmarmosetbrainsaninvivoandexvivocomparison
AT keihagiya relationshipbetweenregionalvolumechangesandwaterdiffusioninfixedmarmosetbrainsaninvivoandexvivocomparison
AT hinakooshiro relationshipbetweenregionalvolumechangesandwaterdiffusioninfixedmarmosetbrainsaninvivoandexvivocomparison
AT noriyukikishi relationshipbetweenregionalvolumechangesandwaterdiffusioninfixedmarmosetbrainsaninvivoandexvivocomparison
AT kazuhirosaito relationshipbetweenregionalvolumechangesandwaterdiffusioninfixedmarmosetbrainsaninvivoandexvivocomparison
AT hideyukiokano relationshipbetweenregionalvolumechangesandwaterdiffusioninfixedmarmosetbrainsaninvivoandexvivocomparison
AT hirotakajamesokano relationshipbetweenregionalvolumechangesandwaterdiffusioninfixedmarmosetbrainsaninvivoandexvivocomparison