Evaluation of Satanin 1 as a potential antifungal antimicrobial peptide to treat Malassezia infections
Abstract Malassezia is a fungal genus that is part of the skin’s normal mycobiota but can also cause various diseases. The emergence of resistance to antimicrobial agents in several microorganisms, including Malassezia yeasts, has led to the exploration of new therapeutic alternatives such as antimi...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-99464-0 |
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| author | Juan Sebastián Molina Pineda María Alejandra Gómez Rivera Kevin Ehemann Guerrero Maritza Torres Julián Esteban Muñoz Henao Adriana Marcela Celis Ramírez |
| author_facet | Juan Sebastián Molina Pineda María Alejandra Gómez Rivera Kevin Ehemann Guerrero Maritza Torres Julián Esteban Muñoz Henao Adriana Marcela Celis Ramírez |
| author_sort | Juan Sebastián Molina Pineda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Malassezia is a fungal genus that is part of the skin’s normal mycobiota but can also cause various diseases. The emergence of resistance to antimicrobial agents in several microorganisms, including Malassezia yeasts, has led to the exploration of new therapeutic alternatives such as antimicrobial peptides. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Satanin 1, a recently identified antimicrobial peptide, against Malassezia using broth microdilution assays, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and a Galleria mellonella infection model. Results showed that the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Satanin 1 against Malassezia ranged from 50 to 12.5 µg/mL, and the peptide works by affecting the fungal cell surface. Nonetheless, Satanin 1 treatment did not improve the survival of infected G. mellonella, possibly due to an exacerbated immune response in the larvae, as shown by hemocyte population characterization and histopathological analyses. Continued investigation into alternative molecules, like antimicrobial peptides, is essential to combat the increasing threat of antifungal resistant microorganisms. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4f3de77aec9b4007a778e6f8219ae9b4 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-4f3de77aec9b4007a778e6f8219ae9b42025-08-20T02:10:50ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-04-0115111010.1038/s41598-025-99464-0Evaluation of Satanin 1 as a potential antifungal antimicrobial peptide to treat Malassezia infectionsJuan Sebastián Molina Pineda0María Alejandra Gómez Rivera1Kevin Ehemann Guerrero2Maritza Torres3Julián Esteban Muñoz Henao4Adriana Marcela Celis Ramírez5Grupo de Investigación Celular y Molecular de Microorganismos Patógenos, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los AndesGrupo de Investigación Celular y Molecular de Microorganismos Patógenos, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los AndesGrupo de Investigación Celular y Molecular de Microorganismos Patógenos, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los AndesGrupo de Investigación Celular y Molecular de Microorganismos Patógenos, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los AndesGrupo de Estudios en Microbiología Traslacional y Enfermedades Emergentes, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del RosarioGrupo de Investigación Celular y Molecular de Microorganismos Patógenos, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los AndesAbstract Malassezia is a fungal genus that is part of the skin’s normal mycobiota but can also cause various diseases. The emergence of resistance to antimicrobial agents in several microorganisms, including Malassezia yeasts, has led to the exploration of new therapeutic alternatives such as antimicrobial peptides. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Satanin 1, a recently identified antimicrobial peptide, against Malassezia using broth microdilution assays, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and a Galleria mellonella infection model. Results showed that the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of Satanin 1 against Malassezia ranged from 50 to 12.5 µg/mL, and the peptide works by affecting the fungal cell surface. Nonetheless, Satanin 1 treatment did not improve the survival of infected G. mellonella, possibly due to an exacerbated immune response in the larvae, as shown by hemocyte population characterization and histopathological analyses. Continued investigation into alternative molecules, like antimicrobial peptides, is essential to combat the increasing threat of antifungal resistant microorganisms.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-99464-0 |
| spellingShingle | Juan Sebastián Molina Pineda María Alejandra Gómez Rivera Kevin Ehemann Guerrero Maritza Torres Julián Esteban Muñoz Henao Adriana Marcela Celis Ramírez Evaluation of Satanin 1 as a potential antifungal antimicrobial peptide to treat Malassezia infections Scientific Reports |
| title | Evaluation of Satanin 1 as a potential antifungal antimicrobial peptide to treat Malassezia infections |
| title_full | Evaluation of Satanin 1 as a potential antifungal antimicrobial peptide to treat Malassezia infections |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Satanin 1 as a potential antifungal antimicrobial peptide to treat Malassezia infections |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Satanin 1 as a potential antifungal antimicrobial peptide to treat Malassezia infections |
| title_short | Evaluation of Satanin 1 as a potential antifungal antimicrobial peptide to treat Malassezia infections |
| title_sort | evaluation of satanin 1 as a potential antifungal antimicrobial peptide to treat malassezia infections |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-99464-0 |
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