Identification of Elite Agronomic Traits Using Chromosome Arm Substitution Lines of <i>Triticum dicoccoides</i> in the Background of Common Wheat

To effectively mine and utilize the valuable genes of wild emmer wheat (<i>Triticum dicoccoides</i>, 2n = 4x = 28, AABB), this study conducted an investigation of agronomic traits using two sets of chromosome arm substitution lines (CASLs) of wild emmer wheat in the backgrounds of the co...

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Main Authors: Yanhao Zhao, Xiaofen Wei, Yurong Jiang, Xin Hu, Junkang Rong
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Agronomy
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/3/752
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author Yanhao Zhao
Xiaofen Wei
Yurong Jiang
Xin Hu
Junkang Rong
author_facet Yanhao Zhao
Xiaofen Wei
Yurong Jiang
Xin Hu
Junkang Rong
author_sort Yanhao Zhao
collection DOAJ
description To effectively mine and utilize the valuable genes of wild emmer wheat (<i>Triticum dicoccoides</i>, 2n = 4x = 28, AABB), this study conducted an investigation of agronomic traits using two sets of chromosome arm substitution lines (CASLs) of wild emmer wheat in the backgrounds of the common wheat varieties Bethlehem (BLH) and Chinese Spring (CS). The results indicated significant differences in growth parameters, including seedling agronomic traits, heading date (HD), and yield traits among the various CASLs in both the BLH and CS backgrounds. In both genetic backgrounds, the number of tillers in CASL7BS was significantly fewer than that of the parents. Additionally, the average leaf width of six CASLs (2BS, 1AL, 7AL, 5BS, 4AS, and 2BL) was significantly narrower compared to the parents. Among CASLs in the CS background, CASL2BS exhibited a significantly narrower average leaf width and shorter average plant height compared to both the parents and early-maturing CASLs. Conversely, CASL4AL exhibited significantly more tillers and a shorter average plant height than the other CASLs. In the BLH background, the spike phenotypes of all CASLs showed no significant differences from BLH. However, in the CS background, CASL6AS and CASL5AL demonstrated significantly longer spike lengths than CS. Moreover, CASL6BL had more spikelets per spike than CS. CASLs 4AS, 4AL, 6BS, and 6BL exhibited basal short awns and apical long awns, whereas the remaining CASLs displayed no awns, a pattern consistent with CS. We hypothesize that genes governing physiological traits such as seedling tiller number, leaf width, plant height, and spike traits are likely located on the corresponding chromosome arms.
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spelling doaj-art-4f0861a241fe4d6985b876800285e2842025-08-20T02:11:04ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952025-03-0115375210.3390/agronomy15030752Identification of Elite Agronomic Traits Using Chromosome Arm Substitution Lines of <i>Triticum dicoccoides</i> in the Background of Common WheatYanhao Zhao0Xiaofen Wei1Yurong Jiang2Xin Hu3Junkang Rong4College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, ChinaTonglu Yangjia Professional Cooperative for Grain and Oil, Hangzhou 311500, ChinaCollege of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, ChinaCollege of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, ChinaCollege of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, ChinaTo effectively mine and utilize the valuable genes of wild emmer wheat (<i>Triticum dicoccoides</i>, 2n = 4x = 28, AABB), this study conducted an investigation of agronomic traits using two sets of chromosome arm substitution lines (CASLs) of wild emmer wheat in the backgrounds of the common wheat varieties Bethlehem (BLH) and Chinese Spring (CS). The results indicated significant differences in growth parameters, including seedling agronomic traits, heading date (HD), and yield traits among the various CASLs in both the BLH and CS backgrounds. In both genetic backgrounds, the number of tillers in CASL7BS was significantly fewer than that of the parents. Additionally, the average leaf width of six CASLs (2BS, 1AL, 7AL, 5BS, 4AS, and 2BL) was significantly narrower compared to the parents. Among CASLs in the CS background, CASL2BS exhibited a significantly narrower average leaf width and shorter average plant height compared to both the parents and early-maturing CASLs. Conversely, CASL4AL exhibited significantly more tillers and a shorter average plant height than the other CASLs. In the BLH background, the spike phenotypes of all CASLs showed no significant differences from BLH. However, in the CS background, CASL6AS and CASL5AL demonstrated significantly longer spike lengths than CS. Moreover, CASL6BL had more spikelets per spike than CS. CASLs 4AS, 4AL, 6BS, and 6BL exhibited basal short awns and apical long awns, whereas the remaining CASLs displayed no awns, a pattern consistent with CS. We hypothesize that genes governing physiological traits such as seedling tiller number, leaf width, plant height, and spike traits are likely located on the corresponding chromosome arms.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/3/752<i>Triticum aestivum</i><i>Triticum dicoccoides</i>CASL-chromosome arm substitution linesagronomic traitsidentification
spellingShingle Yanhao Zhao
Xiaofen Wei
Yurong Jiang
Xin Hu
Junkang Rong
Identification of Elite Agronomic Traits Using Chromosome Arm Substitution Lines of <i>Triticum dicoccoides</i> in the Background of Common Wheat
Agronomy
<i>Triticum aestivum</i>
<i>Triticum dicoccoides</i>
CASL-chromosome arm substitution lines
agronomic traits
identification
title Identification of Elite Agronomic Traits Using Chromosome Arm Substitution Lines of <i>Triticum dicoccoides</i> in the Background of Common Wheat
title_full Identification of Elite Agronomic Traits Using Chromosome Arm Substitution Lines of <i>Triticum dicoccoides</i> in the Background of Common Wheat
title_fullStr Identification of Elite Agronomic Traits Using Chromosome Arm Substitution Lines of <i>Triticum dicoccoides</i> in the Background of Common Wheat
title_full_unstemmed Identification of Elite Agronomic Traits Using Chromosome Arm Substitution Lines of <i>Triticum dicoccoides</i> in the Background of Common Wheat
title_short Identification of Elite Agronomic Traits Using Chromosome Arm Substitution Lines of <i>Triticum dicoccoides</i> in the Background of Common Wheat
title_sort identification of elite agronomic traits using chromosome arm substitution lines of i triticum dicoccoides i in the background of common wheat
topic <i>Triticum aestivum</i>
<i>Triticum dicoccoides</i>
CASL-chromosome arm substitution lines
agronomic traits
identification
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/3/752
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