Clinical outcomes of robot-assisted vs. conventional free-hand technique in spine surgery
BackgroundRobot-assisted surgery has been increasingly applied in spinal surgery in recent years, but the differences in efficacy compared to conventional free-hand surgery remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the impact of these two surgical approaches on spinal surgery patients by analyzing...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Surgery |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2025.1517470/full |
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| author | Hui Yan Yuxuan Wu Xiaokang Cheng Chunyang Xu Tianci Yang Beixi Bao |
| author_facet | Hui Yan Yuxuan Wu Xiaokang Cheng Chunyang Xu Tianci Yang Beixi Bao |
| author_sort | Hui Yan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundRobot-assisted surgery has been increasingly applied in spinal surgery in recent years, but the differences in efficacy compared to conventional free-hand surgery remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the impact of these two surgical approaches on spinal surgery patients by analyzing baseline characteristics, surgical data, short-term postoperative outcomes, and long-term functional recovery and pain relief.MethodsThis study first analyzed the differences in baseline characteristics and surgical data between the robot-assisted and conventional free-hand surgery groups, including age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Multivariate logistic regression was then used to explore the effects of baseline characteristics and surgical methods on short-term postoperative outcomes, such as complications, reoperations, fracture healing, and spinal alignment recovery. Finally, generalized estimating equations (GEE) were employed to assess the impact of surgical methods on long-term postoperative outcomes, including Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and pain scores.ResultsDiabetes and hypertension significantly increased the risk of postoperative complications and reoperation, while robot-assisted surgery significantly reduced the incidence of complications and reoperation. In terms of spinal structural recovery after surgery, the robot-assisted surgery group showed better results. Long-term follow-up revealed that robot-assisted surgery significantly reduced ODI and pain scores, and over time, the robot-assisted group consistently demonstrated superior functional recovery and pain relief compared to the conventional surgery group.ConclusionRobot-assisted surgery showed significant advantages in both short-term postoperative recovery and long-term functional improvement and pain relief. It outperformed conventional free-hand surgery in reducing complication rates, accelerating postoperative recovery, lowering reoperation rates, and promoting fracture healing and spinal alignment recovery. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4efa7efe6f6d4483ba73626f330c9d5c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-875X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Surgery |
| spelling | doaj-art-4efa7efe6f6d4483ba73626f330c9d5c2025-08-22T05:26:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Surgery2296-875X2025-08-011210.3389/fsurg.2025.15174701517470Clinical outcomes of robot-assisted vs. conventional free-hand technique in spine surgeryHui YanYuxuan WuXiaokang ChengChunyang XuTianci YangBeixi BaoBackgroundRobot-assisted surgery has been increasingly applied in spinal surgery in recent years, but the differences in efficacy compared to conventional free-hand surgery remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the impact of these two surgical approaches on spinal surgery patients by analyzing baseline characteristics, surgical data, short-term postoperative outcomes, and long-term functional recovery and pain relief.MethodsThis study first analyzed the differences in baseline characteristics and surgical data between the robot-assisted and conventional free-hand surgery groups, including age, gender, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and alcohol consumption. Multivariate logistic regression was then used to explore the effects of baseline characteristics and surgical methods on short-term postoperative outcomes, such as complications, reoperations, fracture healing, and spinal alignment recovery. Finally, generalized estimating equations (GEE) were employed to assess the impact of surgical methods on long-term postoperative outcomes, including Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and pain scores.ResultsDiabetes and hypertension significantly increased the risk of postoperative complications and reoperation, while robot-assisted surgery significantly reduced the incidence of complications and reoperation. In terms of spinal structural recovery after surgery, the robot-assisted surgery group showed better results. Long-term follow-up revealed that robot-assisted surgery significantly reduced ODI and pain scores, and over time, the robot-assisted group consistently demonstrated superior functional recovery and pain relief compared to the conventional surgery group.ConclusionRobot-assisted surgery showed significant advantages in both short-term postoperative recovery and long-term functional improvement and pain relief. It outperformed conventional free-hand surgery in reducing complication rates, accelerating postoperative recovery, lowering reoperation rates, and promoting fracture healing and spinal alignment recovery.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2025.1517470/fullrobot-assisted surgeryconventional free-hand surgerypostoperative recoverygeneralized estimating equation (GEE)spinal surgery |
| spellingShingle | Hui Yan Yuxuan Wu Xiaokang Cheng Chunyang Xu Tianci Yang Beixi Bao Clinical outcomes of robot-assisted vs. conventional free-hand technique in spine surgery Frontiers in Surgery robot-assisted surgery conventional free-hand surgery postoperative recovery generalized estimating equation (GEE) spinal surgery |
| title | Clinical outcomes of robot-assisted vs. conventional free-hand technique in spine surgery |
| title_full | Clinical outcomes of robot-assisted vs. conventional free-hand technique in spine surgery |
| title_fullStr | Clinical outcomes of robot-assisted vs. conventional free-hand technique in spine surgery |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical outcomes of robot-assisted vs. conventional free-hand technique in spine surgery |
| title_short | Clinical outcomes of robot-assisted vs. conventional free-hand technique in spine surgery |
| title_sort | clinical outcomes of robot assisted vs conventional free hand technique in spine surgery |
| topic | robot-assisted surgery conventional free-hand surgery postoperative recovery generalized estimating equation (GEE) spinal surgery |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2025.1517470/full |
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