Antibiotic resistance patterns in endotracheal aspirates of mechanically ventilated patients: A cross-sectional study

Background: Major nosocomial infections in intensive care units (ICUs) that significantly increase morbidity, and lengthen hospital stays, and death are ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT). Aim: This study evaluated the bacterial profile and antibi...

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Main Authors: Reham Raafat Hamed, Hoda Abdel-Hamid, Nahla Sahloul
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Zagazig University, Faculty of Medicine 2025-08-01
Series:Microbes and Infectious Diseases
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Online Access:https://mid.journals.ekb.eg/article_428018_d30e6619bf62933f0660467bf7ad0642.pdf
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author Reham Raafat Hamed
Hoda Abdel-Hamid
Nahla Sahloul
author_facet Reham Raafat Hamed
Hoda Abdel-Hamid
Nahla Sahloul
author_sort Reham Raafat Hamed
collection DOAJ
description Background: Major nosocomial infections in intensive care units (ICUs) that significantly increase morbidity, and lengthen hospital stays, and death are ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT). Aim: This study evaluated the bacterial profile and antibiotic resistance patterns in endotracheal aspirates collected from 96 mechanically ventilated patients at Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo University. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of a12 month duration including data from culture-proven VAP OR VAT patients admitted at the ICU, in Cairo University Hospital. Results: Out of 96 endotracheal aspirate samples, 73 (76%) were culture positive. Of these positive cultures, 46.9% demonstrated monomicrobial growth, while 29.2% were polymicrobial. The findings of testing for antibiotic susceptibility and microbiological cultures showed that multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) were highly prevalent, especially in Gram-negative bacteria. Notably, 3.5% of cases had extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) synthesis, while 45.3% of isolates had carbapenem resistance. Conclusions: our research offers vital epidemiological information that can help drive the creation of focused interventions and clinical decision-making to lessen the risk of antibiotic resistance in critical care settings. To guarantee efficient management of VAP/VAT and to enhance patient survival in the face of growing antibiotic resistance, these approaches must be included in standard clinical practice. Also highlights how urgently strong antimicrobial stewardship initiatives and focused infection control (IC) strategies are needed to direct empirical treatment for patients in critical condition.
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spelling doaj-art-4ec4530221df47fc917dbe27db2935f52025-08-20T03:37:23ZengZagazig University, Faculty of MedicineMicrobes and Infectious Diseases2682-41322682-41402025-08-01635093600110.21608/mid.2025.367446.2618428018Antibiotic resistance patterns in endotracheal aspirates of mechanically ventilated patients: A cross-sectional studyReham Raafat Hamed0Hoda Abdel-Hamid1Nahla Sahloul2Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, EgyptChest diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, EgyptMedical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, EgyptBackground: Major nosocomial infections in intensive care units (ICUs) that significantly increase morbidity, and lengthen hospital stays, and death are ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT). Aim: This study evaluated the bacterial profile and antibiotic resistance patterns in endotracheal aspirates collected from 96 mechanically ventilated patients at Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo University. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of a12 month duration including data from culture-proven VAP OR VAT patients admitted at the ICU, in Cairo University Hospital. Results: Out of 96 endotracheal aspirate samples, 73 (76%) were culture positive. Of these positive cultures, 46.9% demonstrated monomicrobial growth, while 29.2% were polymicrobial. The findings of testing for antibiotic susceptibility and microbiological cultures showed that multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) were highly prevalent, especially in Gram-negative bacteria. Notably, 3.5% of cases had extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) synthesis, while 45.3% of isolates had carbapenem resistance. Conclusions: our research offers vital epidemiological information that can help drive the creation of focused interventions and clinical decision-making to lessen the risk of antibiotic resistance in critical care settings. To guarantee efficient management of VAP/VAT and to enhance patient survival in the face of growing antibiotic resistance, these approaches must be included in standard clinical practice. Also highlights how urgently strong antimicrobial stewardship initiatives and focused infection control (IC) strategies are needed to direct empirical treatment for patients in critical condition.https://mid.journals.ekb.eg/article_428018_d30e6619bf62933f0660467bf7ad0642.pdfcarbapenem resistancemultidrug-resistant organisms (mdros)ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap)ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (vat)
spellingShingle Reham Raafat Hamed
Hoda Abdel-Hamid
Nahla Sahloul
Antibiotic resistance patterns in endotracheal aspirates of mechanically ventilated patients: A cross-sectional study
Microbes and Infectious Diseases
carbapenem resistance
multidrug-resistant organisms (mdros)
ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap)
ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (vat)
title Antibiotic resistance patterns in endotracheal aspirates of mechanically ventilated patients: A cross-sectional study
title_full Antibiotic resistance patterns in endotracheal aspirates of mechanically ventilated patients: A cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Antibiotic resistance patterns in endotracheal aspirates of mechanically ventilated patients: A cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Antibiotic resistance patterns in endotracheal aspirates of mechanically ventilated patients: A cross-sectional study
title_short Antibiotic resistance patterns in endotracheal aspirates of mechanically ventilated patients: A cross-sectional study
title_sort antibiotic resistance patterns in endotracheal aspirates of mechanically ventilated patients a cross sectional study
topic carbapenem resistance
multidrug-resistant organisms (mdros)
ventilator-associated pneumonia (vap)
ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (vat)
url https://mid.journals.ekb.eg/article_428018_d30e6619bf62933f0660467bf7ad0642.pdf
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