In Vitro Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Viability and Secretory Activity of Resting Macrophages
<b>Background/Objectives</b>: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) covers a wide range of parameters in terms of laser properties and dosage, which is important for its effects. It is important to select safe, optimal irradiation conditions to obtain the desired therapeutic effect of LLLT on c...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| author | Aleksandra Matuła Amelia Lizak Ewa Stodolak-Zych Aneta Bac Joanna Homa Beata Stenka Anna Ścisłowska-Czarnecka |
| author_facet | Aleksandra Matuła Amelia Lizak Ewa Stodolak-Zych Aneta Bac Joanna Homa Beata Stenka Anna Ścisłowska-Czarnecka |
| author_sort | Aleksandra Matuła |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background/Objectives</b>: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) covers a wide range of parameters in terms of laser properties and dosage, which is important for its effects. It is important to select safe, optimal irradiation conditions to obtain the desired therapeutic effect of LLLT on cells. This article is focused on the selection of favourable (biostimulating) exposure conditions for LLLT, which are the beam application method (continuous [C] or pulsed [P] laser beam), radiation power and LLLT dose, on the viability and secretory activity regarding resting macrophages of the RAW 264.7 cell line. <b>Methods</b>: RAW 264.7 macrophages were seeded on 24-well tissue culture. ASTAR PhysioGo 400C apparatus with a spot applicator generating electromagnetic radiation in the infrared light range of 808 nm and power of 100 mW and 200 mW was used for laser irradiation of macrophages. Cells were treated with different doses of constant radiation 5 J/cm<sup>2</sup>/well or 10 J/cm<sup>2</sup>/well. <b>Results</b>: It was shown that the most beneficial radiation parameters for cells were obtained with a pulsed laser beam of 200 mW power and a dose of 5 J/cm<sup>2</sup>, which caused an increase in macrophage adhesion and viability, as well as an increase in NO secretion by macrophages and their TOS, with a simultaneous decrease in the secretion of TNF-α, MCP-1 and MMP-9 by cells. <b>Conclusions</b>: The research results presented above indicate that the effect of LLLT on resting macrophages modulates their biological activity, and the intensity of photobiostimulation depends on the irradiation parameters, including wavelength, power, dose and method of laser beam application. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4eb192c6bc724cc785970cdceee4de27 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj-art-4eb192c6bc724cc785970cdceee4de272025-08-20T03:12:16ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592025-02-0113240310.3390/biomedicines13020403In Vitro Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Viability and Secretory Activity of Resting MacrophagesAleksandra Matuła0Amelia Lizak1Ewa Stodolak-Zych2Aneta Bac3Joanna Homa4Beata Stenka5Anna Ścisłowska-Czarnecka6Department of Applied Cosmetology, Institute of Applied Sciences, University of Physical Culture, 31-571 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Applied Cosmetology, Institute of Applied Sciences, University of Physical Culture, 31-571 Kraków, PolandFaculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Applied Cosmetology, Institute of Applied Sciences, University of Physical Culture, 31-571 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Evolutionary Immunology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Applied Cosmetology, University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-854 Gdańsk, PolandDepartment of Applied Cosmetology, Institute of Applied Sciences, University of Physical Culture, 31-571 Kraków, Poland<b>Background/Objectives</b>: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) covers a wide range of parameters in terms of laser properties and dosage, which is important for its effects. It is important to select safe, optimal irradiation conditions to obtain the desired therapeutic effect of LLLT on cells. This article is focused on the selection of favourable (biostimulating) exposure conditions for LLLT, which are the beam application method (continuous [C] or pulsed [P] laser beam), radiation power and LLLT dose, on the viability and secretory activity regarding resting macrophages of the RAW 264.7 cell line. <b>Methods</b>: RAW 264.7 macrophages were seeded on 24-well tissue culture. ASTAR PhysioGo 400C apparatus with a spot applicator generating electromagnetic radiation in the infrared light range of 808 nm and power of 100 mW and 200 mW was used for laser irradiation of macrophages. Cells were treated with different doses of constant radiation 5 J/cm<sup>2</sup>/well or 10 J/cm<sup>2</sup>/well. <b>Results</b>: It was shown that the most beneficial radiation parameters for cells were obtained with a pulsed laser beam of 200 mW power and a dose of 5 J/cm<sup>2</sup>, which caused an increase in macrophage adhesion and viability, as well as an increase in NO secretion by macrophages and their TOS, with a simultaneous decrease in the secretion of TNF-α, MCP-1 and MMP-9 by cells. <b>Conclusions</b>: The research results presented above indicate that the effect of LLLT on resting macrophages modulates their biological activity, and the intensity of photobiostimulation depends on the irradiation parameters, including wavelength, power, dose and method of laser beam application.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/2/403macrophagesLLLTphotobiostimulationviabilitysecretory activity |
| spellingShingle | Aleksandra Matuła Amelia Lizak Ewa Stodolak-Zych Aneta Bac Joanna Homa Beata Stenka Anna Ścisłowska-Czarnecka In Vitro Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Viability and Secretory Activity of Resting Macrophages Biomedicines macrophages LLLT photobiostimulation viability secretory activity |
| title | In Vitro Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Viability and Secretory Activity of Resting Macrophages |
| title_full | In Vitro Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Viability and Secretory Activity of Resting Macrophages |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Viability and Secretory Activity of Resting Macrophages |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Viability and Secretory Activity of Resting Macrophages |
| title_short | In Vitro Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy on the Viability and Secretory Activity of Resting Macrophages |
| title_sort | in vitro effects of low level laser therapy on the viability and secretory activity of resting macrophages |
| topic | macrophages LLLT photobiostimulation viability secretory activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/13/2/403 |
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