Electrochemical Functionalization of Graphene‐on‐Cu(111): Reactivity, Onset Potentials, and Mechanistic Insights

Abstract Electrochemical functionalization of graphene facilitates simple and various modifications of graphene properties. However, the scope of the available functional groups and the electrochemical behavior of graphene is not fully understood. The electrochemical reactivity of single crystal and...

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Main Authors: Minhyeok Kim, Yongchul Kim, Geunsik Lee, Rodney S. Ruoff, Sun Hwa Lee
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-07-01
Series:Advanced Science
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202501798
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author Minhyeok Kim
Yongchul Kim
Geunsik Lee
Rodney S. Ruoff
Sun Hwa Lee
author_facet Minhyeok Kim
Yongchul Kim
Geunsik Lee
Rodney S. Ruoff
Sun Hwa Lee
author_sort Minhyeok Kim
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Electrochemical functionalization of graphene facilitates simple and various modifications of graphene properties. However, the scope of the available functional groups and the electrochemical behavior of graphene is not fully understood. The electrochemical reactivity of single crystal and monolayer graphene‐on‐Cu(111) with various phenyl and alkyl iodides is investigated, and discovered different onset potentials, identifying the extent of the reaction with Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations are employed to elucidate the onset potential differences between the phenyl iodides with different substituents. A comprehensive understanding of graphene's electrochemical reactivity is presented.
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institution Kabale University
issn 2198-3844
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publishDate 2025-07-01
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spelling doaj-art-4e89190b3154467b904ed5cf6d449e822025-08-20T03:36:45ZengWileyAdvanced Science2198-38442025-07-011226n/an/a10.1002/advs.202501798Electrochemical Functionalization of Graphene‐on‐Cu(111): Reactivity, Onset Potentials, and Mechanistic InsightsMinhyeok Kim0Yongchul Kim1Geunsik Lee2Rodney S. Ruoff3Sun Hwa Lee4Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM) Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Ulsan 44919 Republic of KoreaCenter for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM) Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Ulsan 44919 Republic of KoreaDepartment of Chemistry Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of KoreaCenter for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM) Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Ulsan 44919 Republic of KoreaCenter for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM) Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Ulsan 44919 Republic of KoreaAbstract Electrochemical functionalization of graphene facilitates simple and various modifications of graphene properties. However, the scope of the available functional groups and the electrochemical behavior of graphene is not fully understood. The electrochemical reactivity of single crystal and monolayer graphene‐on‐Cu(111) with various phenyl and alkyl iodides is investigated, and discovered different onset potentials, identifying the extent of the reaction with Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations are employed to elucidate the onset potential differences between the phenyl iodides with different substituents. A comprehensive understanding of graphene's electrochemical reactivity is presented.https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202501798electrochemical functionalizationonset potentialreactivity of grapheneselective reactionsingle‐crystal graphene
spellingShingle Minhyeok Kim
Yongchul Kim
Geunsik Lee
Rodney S. Ruoff
Sun Hwa Lee
Electrochemical Functionalization of Graphene‐on‐Cu(111): Reactivity, Onset Potentials, and Mechanistic Insights
Advanced Science
electrochemical functionalization
onset potential
reactivity of graphene
selective reaction
single‐crystal graphene
title Electrochemical Functionalization of Graphene‐on‐Cu(111): Reactivity, Onset Potentials, and Mechanistic Insights
title_full Electrochemical Functionalization of Graphene‐on‐Cu(111): Reactivity, Onset Potentials, and Mechanistic Insights
title_fullStr Electrochemical Functionalization of Graphene‐on‐Cu(111): Reactivity, Onset Potentials, and Mechanistic Insights
title_full_unstemmed Electrochemical Functionalization of Graphene‐on‐Cu(111): Reactivity, Onset Potentials, and Mechanistic Insights
title_short Electrochemical Functionalization of Graphene‐on‐Cu(111): Reactivity, Onset Potentials, and Mechanistic Insights
title_sort electrochemical functionalization of graphene on cu 111 reactivity onset potentials and mechanistic insights
topic electrochemical functionalization
onset potential
reactivity of graphene
selective reaction
single‐crystal graphene
url https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202501798
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AT yongchulkim electrochemicalfunctionalizationofgrapheneoncu111reactivityonsetpotentialsandmechanisticinsights
AT geunsiklee electrochemicalfunctionalizationofgrapheneoncu111reactivityonsetpotentialsandmechanisticinsights
AT rodneysruoff electrochemicalfunctionalizationofgrapheneoncu111reactivityonsetpotentialsandmechanisticinsights
AT sunhwalee electrochemicalfunctionalizationofgrapheneoncu111reactivityonsetpotentialsandmechanisticinsights