Intravesical chemotherapy in BCG waiting period may prolong time to recurrence for high-risk NMIBC patients

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to determine whether administering intravesical chemotherapy (IVC) during the Bacillus Calmette - Guérin (BCG) waiting period after the second TURBT improves the recurrence-free survival (RFS) of patients with non - muscle - invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods...

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Main Authors: Zhen Li, Zewei Wang, Jiyue Wu, Feilong Zhang, Lijian Gan, Wei Wang, Hailong Li, Ling Gu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-02-01
Series:BMC Cancer
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-13705-z
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author Zhen Li
Zewei Wang
Jiyue Wu
Feilong Zhang
Lijian Gan
Wei Wang
Hailong Li
Ling Gu
author_facet Zhen Li
Zewei Wang
Jiyue Wu
Feilong Zhang
Lijian Gan
Wei Wang
Hailong Li
Ling Gu
author_sort Zhen Li
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Purpose This study aimed to determine whether administering intravesical chemotherapy (IVC) during the Bacillus Calmette - Guérin (BCG) waiting period after the second TURBT improves the recurrence-free survival (RFS) of patients with non - muscle - invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who had undergone a second TURBT and subsequent intravesical BCG immunotherapy (IBI) at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between January 2012 and December 2023. The patients were divided into two groups (A and B) based on whether they continued IVC during the BCG waiting period, and RFS was compared between the two groups. Results A total of 164 patients were included in this study. The log-rank test results indicated that IVC administered during the BCG waiting period was associated with a more favorable RFS for patients with NMIBC, particularly those at high risk. Multivariate analysis revealed that pathological T-stage (HR 2.084, 95% CI [1.132, 3.834], p = 0.018) and IVC received during the BCG waiting period (HR 0.261, 95% CI [0.140, 0.488], p < 0.001) were significantly correlated with patient RFS. Conclusions Administering IVC during the BCG waiting period is recommended to prolong the time to recurrence in patients with high-risk NMIBC. Conversely, this additional treatment is unnecessary for patients at intermediate risk.
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spelling doaj-art-4e5f0bb46e1a48df94bf31f4e5b77db42025-08-20T02:12:59ZengBMCBMC Cancer1471-24072025-02-0125111010.1186/s12885-025-13705-zIntravesical chemotherapy in BCG waiting period may prolong time to recurrence for high-risk NMIBC patientsZhen Li0Zewei Wang1Jiyue Wu2Feilong Zhang3Lijian Gan4Wei Wang5Hailong Li6Ling Gu7Department of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Urology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Affiliated Capital Medical UniversityDepartment of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityAbstract Purpose This study aimed to determine whether administering intravesical chemotherapy (IVC) during the Bacillus Calmette - Guérin (BCG) waiting period after the second TURBT improves the recurrence-free survival (RFS) of patients with non - muscle - invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who had undergone a second TURBT and subsequent intravesical BCG immunotherapy (IBI) at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University between January 2012 and December 2023. The patients were divided into two groups (A and B) based on whether they continued IVC during the BCG waiting period, and RFS was compared between the two groups. Results A total of 164 patients were included in this study. The log-rank test results indicated that IVC administered during the BCG waiting period was associated with a more favorable RFS for patients with NMIBC, particularly those at high risk. Multivariate analysis revealed that pathological T-stage (HR 2.084, 95% CI [1.132, 3.834], p = 0.018) and IVC received during the BCG waiting period (HR 0.261, 95% CI [0.140, 0.488], p < 0.001) were significantly correlated with patient RFS. Conclusions Administering IVC during the BCG waiting period is recommended to prolong the time to recurrence in patients with high-risk NMIBC. Conversely, this additional treatment is unnecessary for patients at intermediate risk.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-13705-zNon–muscle-invasive bladder cancerTURBTBCGChemotherapyRecurrence
spellingShingle Zhen Li
Zewei Wang
Jiyue Wu
Feilong Zhang
Lijian Gan
Wei Wang
Hailong Li
Ling Gu
Intravesical chemotherapy in BCG waiting period may prolong time to recurrence for high-risk NMIBC patients
BMC Cancer
Non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer
TURBT
BCG
Chemotherapy
Recurrence
title Intravesical chemotherapy in BCG waiting period may prolong time to recurrence for high-risk NMIBC patients
title_full Intravesical chemotherapy in BCG waiting period may prolong time to recurrence for high-risk NMIBC patients
title_fullStr Intravesical chemotherapy in BCG waiting period may prolong time to recurrence for high-risk NMIBC patients
title_full_unstemmed Intravesical chemotherapy in BCG waiting period may prolong time to recurrence for high-risk NMIBC patients
title_short Intravesical chemotherapy in BCG waiting period may prolong time to recurrence for high-risk NMIBC patients
title_sort intravesical chemotherapy in bcg waiting period may prolong time to recurrence for high risk nmibc patients
topic Non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer
TURBT
BCG
Chemotherapy
Recurrence
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-13705-z
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