Sporadic‐E Layer Responses to Super Geomagnetic Storm 10–12 May 2024
Abstract Sporadic E (Es) layer plays a prominent role in revealing both upward and downward atmosphere‐ionosphere coupling process. This study investigates the responses of Es layers to the May 2024 super geomagnetic storm by using 37 ground‐based ionosondes distributed globally and space‐based COSM...
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| Format: | Article |
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Wiley
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Geophysical Research Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115154 |
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| author | Lihui Qiu Huixin Liu |
| author_facet | Lihui Qiu Huixin Liu |
| author_sort | Lihui Qiu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Sporadic E (Es) layer plays a prominent role in revealing both upward and downward atmosphere‐ionosphere coupling process. This study investigates the responses of Es layers to the May 2024 super geomagnetic storm by using 37 ground‐based ionosondes distributed globally and space‐based COSMIC‐2 radio occultation observations. The results show that Es layers were significantly enhanced during the recovery phase of geomagnetic storm. In addition, the enhanced Es layers mainly occurred over Southeast Asia, Australia, the South Pacific and the East Pacific. The temporal evolution of foEs disturbances over the Asian‐Australian sector clearly shows the “wave propagation” characteristics from high to low latitudes, indicating that the enhancements of the Es layers are most likely caused by the disturbed neutral winds in the E region. This study presents observational evidence for the downward impacts of the geomagnetic storm on the E‐region ionosphere. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4e48d2a13a624a3e9ec27afc5c021bc5 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0094-8276 1944-8007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Geophysical Research Letters |
| spelling | doaj-art-4e48d2a13a624a3e9ec27afc5c021bc52025-08-20T03:39:00ZengWileyGeophysical Research Letters0094-82761944-80072025-04-01528n/an/a10.1029/2025GL115154Sporadic‐E Layer Responses to Super Geomagnetic Storm 10–12 May 2024Lihui Qiu0Huixin Liu1International Research Center for Space and Planetary Environmental Science (i‐SPES) Kyushu University Fukuoka JapanDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka JapanAbstract Sporadic E (Es) layer plays a prominent role in revealing both upward and downward atmosphere‐ionosphere coupling process. This study investigates the responses of Es layers to the May 2024 super geomagnetic storm by using 37 ground‐based ionosondes distributed globally and space‐based COSMIC‐2 radio occultation observations. The results show that Es layers were significantly enhanced during the recovery phase of geomagnetic storm. In addition, the enhanced Es layers mainly occurred over Southeast Asia, Australia, the South Pacific and the East Pacific. The temporal evolution of foEs disturbances over the Asian‐Australian sector clearly shows the “wave propagation” characteristics from high to low latitudes, indicating that the enhancements of the Es layers are most likely caused by the disturbed neutral winds in the E region. This study presents observational evidence for the downward impacts of the geomagnetic storm on the E‐region ionosphere.https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115154geomagnetic stormsporadic‐Eionosonde observationsCOSMIC‐2 observationsionospheric‐E region |
| spellingShingle | Lihui Qiu Huixin Liu Sporadic‐E Layer Responses to Super Geomagnetic Storm 10–12 May 2024 Geophysical Research Letters geomagnetic storm sporadic‐E ionosonde observations COSMIC‐2 observations ionospheric‐E region |
| title | Sporadic‐E Layer Responses to Super Geomagnetic Storm 10–12 May 2024 |
| title_full | Sporadic‐E Layer Responses to Super Geomagnetic Storm 10–12 May 2024 |
| title_fullStr | Sporadic‐E Layer Responses to Super Geomagnetic Storm 10–12 May 2024 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sporadic‐E Layer Responses to Super Geomagnetic Storm 10–12 May 2024 |
| title_short | Sporadic‐E Layer Responses to Super Geomagnetic Storm 10–12 May 2024 |
| title_sort | sporadic e layer responses to super geomagnetic storm 10 12 may 2024 |
| topic | geomagnetic storm sporadic‐E ionosonde observations COSMIC‐2 observations ionospheric‐E region |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GL115154 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lihuiqiu sporadicelayerresponsestosupergeomagneticstorm1012may2024 AT huixinliu sporadicelayerresponsestosupergeomagneticstorm1012may2024 |