Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil derived from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (citronella oil) for use in all animal species (FEFANA asbl)

Abstract Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of citronella oil obtained from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, when used as a sensory additive for all animal species. The EFSA Panel on Additives and Pr...

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Main Authors: EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP), Vasileios Bampidis, Giovanna Azimonti, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Henrik Christensen, Mojca Durjava, Maryline Kouba, Marta López‐Alonso, Secundino López Puente, Francesca Marcon, Baltasar Mayo, Alena Pechová, Mariana Petkova, Fernando Ramos, Roberto Edoardo Villa, Ruud Woutersen, Andrew Chesson, Josef Schlatter, Johannes Westendorf, Yvette Dirven, Paola Manini, Birgit Dusemund
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2024-05-01
Series:EFSA Journal
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8790
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author EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP)
Vasileios Bampidis
Giovanna Azimonti
Maria de Lourdes Bastos
Henrik Christensen
Mojca Durjava
Maryline Kouba
Marta López‐Alonso
Secundino López Puente
Francesca Marcon
Baltasar Mayo
Alena Pechová
Mariana Petkova
Fernando Ramos
Roberto Edoardo Villa
Ruud Woutersen
Andrew Chesson
Josef Schlatter
Johannes Westendorf
Yvette Dirven
Paola Manini
Birgit Dusemund
author_facet EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP)
Vasileios Bampidis
Giovanna Azimonti
Maria de Lourdes Bastos
Henrik Christensen
Mojca Durjava
Maryline Kouba
Marta López‐Alonso
Secundino López Puente
Francesca Marcon
Baltasar Mayo
Alena Pechová
Mariana Petkova
Fernando Ramos
Roberto Edoardo Villa
Ruud Woutersen
Andrew Chesson
Josef Schlatter
Johannes Westendorf
Yvette Dirven
Paola Manini
Birgit Dusemund
author_sort EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP)
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of citronella oil obtained from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, when used as a sensory additive for all animal species. The EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) considered it very unlikely that the use of citronella oil from C. nardus will induce adverse effects in long‐living and reproductive animals at the use levels in complete feed of 3.5 mg/kg for laying hens and rabbits, 6 mg/kg for sows and dairy cows, 9.5 mg/kg for sheep/goats and horses, 2.0 mg/kg for cats and 10 mg/kg for dogs. For short‐living animals (species for fattening), the additive was considered of no concern at concentrations of 18 mg/kg in chickens for fattening, 24 mg/kg in turkeys for fattening, 20 mg/kg for piglets, pigs for fattening, veal calves (milk replacer), cattle for fattening, sheep/goats for meat production, horses for meat production and rabbits for meat production, and 30 mg/kg for salmonids. The conclusions were extrapolated to physiologically related minor species. For any other species, the additive is considered very unlikely to induce adverse effects at 2.0 mg/kg complete feed. The use of citronella oil in animal feed is expected to be of no concern for the consumers and for the environment. The essential oil under assessment should be considered as irritant to skin and eyes and as a dermal sensitiser. When handling the essential oil, exposure of unprotected users to methyleugenol may occur. Therefore, to reduce the risk, the exposure of the users should be minimised. Since the leaves of C. nardus and their preparations are recognised to flavour food and their function in feed would be essentially the same as that in food, no further demonstration of efficacy was considered necessary.
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spelling doaj-art-4e0608d656d34388a050abd166d27df82025-08-20T02:09:31ZengWileyEFSA Journal1831-47322024-05-01225n/an/a10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8790Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil derived from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (citronella oil) for use in all animal species (FEFANA asbl)EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP)Vasileios BampidisGiovanna AzimontiMaria de Lourdes BastosHenrik ChristensenMojca DurjavaMaryline KoubaMarta López‐AlonsoSecundino López PuenteFrancesca MarconBaltasar MayoAlena PechováMariana PetkovaFernando RamosRoberto Edoardo VillaRuud WoutersenAndrew ChessonJosef SchlatterJohannes WestendorfYvette DirvenPaola ManiniBirgit DusemundAbstract Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on the safety and efficacy of citronella oil obtained from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle, when used as a sensory additive for all animal species. The EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) considered it very unlikely that the use of citronella oil from C. nardus will induce adverse effects in long‐living and reproductive animals at the use levels in complete feed of 3.5 mg/kg for laying hens and rabbits, 6 mg/kg for sows and dairy cows, 9.5 mg/kg for sheep/goats and horses, 2.0 mg/kg for cats and 10 mg/kg for dogs. For short‐living animals (species for fattening), the additive was considered of no concern at concentrations of 18 mg/kg in chickens for fattening, 24 mg/kg in turkeys for fattening, 20 mg/kg for piglets, pigs for fattening, veal calves (milk replacer), cattle for fattening, sheep/goats for meat production, horses for meat production and rabbits for meat production, and 30 mg/kg for salmonids. The conclusions were extrapolated to physiologically related minor species. For any other species, the additive is considered very unlikely to induce adverse effects at 2.0 mg/kg complete feed. The use of citronella oil in animal feed is expected to be of no concern for the consumers and for the environment. The essential oil under assessment should be considered as irritant to skin and eyes and as a dermal sensitiser. When handling the essential oil, exposure of unprotected users to methyleugenol may occur. Therefore, to reduce the risk, the exposure of the users should be minimised. Since the leaves of C. nardus and their preparations are recognised to flavour food and their function in feed would be essentially the same as that in food, no further demonstration of efficacy was considered necessary.https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8790C. narduscitronella oilcitronellalefficacyflavouring compoundssafety
spellingShingle EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP)
Vasileios Bampidis
Giovanna Azimonti
Maria de Lourdes Bastos
Henrik Christensen
Mojca Durjava
Maryline Kouba
Marta López‐Alonso
Secundino López Puente
Francesca Marcon
Baltasar Mayo
Alena Pechová
Mariana Petkova
Fernando Ramos
Roberto Edoardo Villa
Ruud Woutersen
Andrew Chesson
Josef Schlatter
Johannes Westendorf
Yvette Dirven
Paola Manini
Birgit Dusemund
Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil derived from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (citronella oil) for use in all animal species (FEFANA asbl)
EFSA Journal
C. nardus
citronella oil
citronellal
efficacy
flavouring compounds
safety
title Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil derived from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (citronella oil) for use in all animal species (FEFANA asbl)
title_full Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil derived from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (citronella oil) for use in all animal species (FEFANA asbl)
title_fullStr Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil derived from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (citronella oil) for use in all animal species (FEFANA asbl)
title_full_unstemmed Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil derived from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (citronella oil) for use in all animal species (FEFANA asbl)
title_short Safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil derived from the leaves of Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle (citronella oil) for use in all animal species (FEFANA asbl)
title_sort safety and efficacy of a feed additive consisting of an essential oil derived from the leaves of cymbopogon nardus l rendle citronella oil for use in all animal species fefana asbl
topic C. nardus
citronella oil
citronellal
efficacy
flavouring compounds
safety
url https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8790
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