Associations of firearm dealer openings with firearm self-harm deaths and injuries: A differences-in-differences analysis.

<h4>Background</h4>Firearm dealer density is correlated with firearm interpersonal violence, but no quasi-experimental studies have assessed whether changes in dealer density lead to changes in firearm self-harm injuries and deaths. We assessed whether openings of firearm dealers are ass...

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Main Authors: Ellicott C Matthay, Kriszta Farkas, Dana E Goin, Kara E Rudolph, Veronica A Pear, Jennifer Ahern
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0248130&type=printable
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author Ellicott C Matthay
Kriszta Farkas
Dana E Goin
Kara E Rudolph
Veronica A Pear
Jennifer Ahern
author_facet Ellicott C Matthay
Kriszta Farkas
Dana E Goin
Kara E Rudolph
Veronica A Pear
Jennifer Ahern
author_sort Ellicott C Matthay
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Background</h4>Firearm dealer density is correlated with firearm interpersonal violence, but no quasi-experimental studies have assessed whether changes in dealer density lead to changes in firearm self-harm injuries and deaths. We assessed whether openings of firearm dealers are associated with short-term changes in local firearm self-harm injury rates.<h4>Methods</h4>We identified 718 openings of firearm dealers in California using licensing data, 2014-2016. We defined exposure regions based on aggregations of zip codes defined by proximity to firearm dealer openings and matched each opening to four control regions on time and determinants of firearm injury. We applied a differences-in-differences approach to compare rates of firearm self-harm, in the month before and after each opening, in places with and without openings.<h4>Results</h4>Firearm dealer openings were not associated with acute, local changes in firearm self-harm relative to places without openings (ratio of rate ratio: 0.90 [95% CI:0.68-1.19]). Results were robust to numerous sensitivity and secondary analyses.<h4>Conclusion</h4>We found no associations of firearm dealer openings with acute, localized firearm self-harm deaths and injuries. Our focus on acute, local effects; broad availability of dealers and firearms; durability of firearms; or strong confounding-control may explain these null findings.
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spelling doaj-art-4dc613f154c741c8a847aae85223e5d52025-08-20T02:55:28ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032021-01-01163e024813010.1371/journal.pone.0248130Associations of firearm dealer openings with firearm self-harm deaths and injuries: A differences-in-differences analysis.Ellicott C MatthayKriszta FarkasDana E GoinKara E RudolphVeronica A PearJennifer Ahern<h4>Background</h4>Firearm dealer density is correlated with firearm interpersonal violence, but no quasi-experimental studies have assessed whether changes in dealer density lead to changes in firearm self-harm injuries and deaths. We assessed whether openings of firearm dealers are associated with short-term changes in local firearm self-harm injury rates.<h4>Methods</h4>We identified 718 openings of firearm dealers in California using licensing data, 2014-2016. We defined exposure regions based on aggregations of zip codes defined by proximity to firearm dealer openings and matched each opening to four control regions on time and determinants of firearm injury. We applied a differences-in-differences approach to compare rates of firearm self-harm, in the month before and after each opening, in places with and without openings.<h4>Results</h4>Firearm dealer openings were not associated with acute, local changes in firearm self-harm relative to places without openings (ratio of rate ratio: 0.90 [95% CI:0.68-1.19]). Results were robust to numerous sensitivity and secondary analyses.<h4>Conclusion</h4>We found no associations of firearm dealer openings with acute, localized firearm self-harm deaths and injuries. Our focus on acute, local effects; broad availability of dealers and firearms; durability of firearms; or strong confounding-control may explain these null findings.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0248130&type=printable
spellingShingle Ellicott C Matthay
Kriszta Farkas
Dana E Goin
Kara E Rudolph
Veronica A Pear
Jennifer Ahern
Associations of firearm dealer openings with firearm self-harm deaths and injuries: A differences-in-differences analysis.
PLoS ONE
title Associations of firearm dealer openings with firearm self-harm deaths and injuries: A differences-in-differences analysis.
title_full Associations of firearm dealer openings with firearm self-harm deaths and injuries: A differences-in-differences analysis.
title_fullStr Associations of firearm dealer openings with firearm self-harm deaths and injuries: A differences-in-differences analysis.
title_full_unstemmed Associations of firearm dealer openings with firearm self-harm deaths and injuries: A differences-in-differences analysis.
title_short Associations of firearm dealer openings with firearm self-harm deaths and injuries: A differences-in-differences analysis.
title_sort associations of firearm dealer openings with firearm self harm deaths and injuries a differences in differences analysis
url https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0248130&type=printable
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