Reinforcement and MAO-A inhibition in heated tobacco products: flavor and brand variations
ObjectiveThis study investigates the reinforcing effects and monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) inhibitory properties of heated tobacco products (HTPs), comparing them to nicotine alone. It also examines brand-specific differences in MAO-A inhibition to provide a deeper understanding of the role of non-nic...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1515519/full |
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| author | Xiangyu Li Xiangyu Li Zheng Ding Zheng Ding Xingyi Jiang Xingyi Jiang Hongjuan Wang Hongjuan Wang Yanbo Luo Yanbo Luo Huan Chen Huan Chen Yongqiang Pang Yongqiang Pang Hongwei Hou Hongwei Hou Qingyuan Hu Qingyuan Hu |
| author_facet | Xiangyu Li Xiangyu Li Zheng Ding Zheng Ding Xingyi Jiang Xingyi Jiang Hongjuan Wang Hongjuan Wang Yanbo Luo Yanbo Luo Huan Chen Huan Chen Yongqiang Pang Yongqiang Pang Hongwei Hou Hongwei Hou Qingyuan Hu Qingyuan Hu |
| author_sort | Xiangyu Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveThis study investigates the reinforcing effects and monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) inhibitory properties of heated tobacco products (HTPs), comparing them to nicotine alone. It also examines brand-specific differences in MAO-A inhibition to provide a deeper understanding of the role of non-nicotine constituents in HTP use.MethodsA rat self-administration model was used to evaluate the reinforcement patterns of HTP-T (tobacco flavor), HTP-M (menthol flavor), and nicotine under fixed-ratio schedules. In vitro assays were performed to measure the MAO-A inhibitory effects of nicotine, HTP-T, and HTP-M. Additionally, chemical composition analyses of HTP-T and HTP-M aerosols were conducted and compared to identify potential MAO inhibitors. Finally, in vitro assessments of MAO-A inhibition were performed across various HTP brands to determine whether significant differences in MAO-A inhibition exist among different HTP products.ResultsHTP-T showed self-administration patterns comparable to nicotine, while HTP-M demonstrated significantly higher reinforcement. In vitro analyses revealed that both HTP-T and HTP-M exhibited MAO-A inhibition at high nicotine-equivalent concentrations (>10−2–10−1 mM), with HTP-M showing stronger inhibition. In contrast, Nicotine alone showed no MAO-A inhibition. Brand-specific differences in MAO-A inhibitory effects were also observed, potentially driven by variations in aerosol composition.ConclusionsHTP-M's enhanced reinforcement could be attributed to its higher MAO-A inhibition and menthol's synergistic effects on nicotine. Brand-specific variations in MAO inhibition highlight the impact of non-nicotine constituents on HTP use. While this study provides valuable insights into HTPs, its reliance on animal models and in vitro assays highlights the necessity for human studies conducted under real-world conditions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4d77c77c07ea4795b6b93f9d0d88ae3e |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1664-0640 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj-art-4d77c77c07ea4795b6b93f9d0d88ae3e2025-08-20T03:01:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Psychiatry1664-06402025-02-011610.3389/fpsyt.2025.15155191515519Reinforcement and MAO-A inhibition in heated tobacco products: flavor and brand variationsXiangyu Li0Xiangyu Li1Zheng Ding2Zheng Ding3Xingyi Jiang4Xingyi Jiang5Hongjuan Wang6Hongjuan Wang7Yanbo Luo8Yanbo Luo9Huan Chen10Huan Chen11Yongqiang Pang12Yongqiang Pang13Hongwei Hou14Hongwei Hou15Qingyuan Hu16Qingyuan Hu17China National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaChina National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, ChinaChina National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaChina National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaChina National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaChina National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaChina National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaChina National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaChina National Tobacco Quality Supervision &Test Center, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tobacco Biological Effects, Zhengzhou, Henan, ChinaObjectiveThis study investigates the reinforcing effects and monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) inhibitory properties of heated tobacco products (HTPs), comparing them to nicotine alone. It also examines brand-specific differences in MAO-A inhibition to provide a deeper understanding of the role of non-nicotine constituents in HTP use.MethodsA rat self-administration model was used to evaluate the reinforcement patterns of HTP-T (tobacco flavor), HTP-M (menthol flavor), and nicotine under fixed-ratio schedules. In vitro assays were performed to measure the MAO-A inhibitory effects of nicotine, HTP-T, and HTP-M. Additionally, chemical composition analyses of HTP-T and HTP-M aerosols were conducted and compared to identify potential MAO inhibitors. Finally, in vitro assessments of MAO-A inhibition were performed across various HTP brands to determine whether significant differences in MAO-A inhibition exist among different HTP products.ResultsHTP-T showed self-administration patterns comparable to nicotine, while HTP-M demonstrated significantly higher reinforcement. In vitro analyses revealed that both HTP-T and HTP-M exhibited MAO-A inhibition at high nicotine-equivalent concentrations (>10−2–10−1 mM), with HTP-M showing stronger inhibition. In contrast, Nicotine alone showed no MAO-A inhibition. Brand-specific differences in MAO-A inhibitory effects were also observed, potentially driven by variations in aerosol composition.ConclusionsHTP-M's enhanced reinforcement could be attributed to its higher MAO-A inhibition and menthol's synergistic effects on nicotine. Brand-specific variations in MAO inhibition highlight the impact of non-nicotine constituents on HTP use. While this study provides valuable insights into HTPs, its reliance on animal models and in vitro assays highlights the necessity for human studies conducted under real-world conditions.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1515519/fullheated tobacco products (HTPs)self-administrationMAO-A inhibitionMAO inhibitorsnicotine reinforcement |
| spellingShingle | Xiangyu Li Xiangyu Li Zheng Ding Zheng Ding Xingyi Jiang Xingyi Jiang Hongjuan Wang Hongjuan Wang Yanbo Luo Yanbo Luo Huan Chen Huan Chen Yongqiang Pang Yongqiang Pang Hongwei Hou Hongwei Hou Qingyuan Hu Qingyuan Hu Reinforcement and MAO-A inhibition in heated tobacco products: flavor and brand variations Frontiers in Psychiatry heated tobacco products (HTPs) self-administration MAO-A inhibition MAO inhibitors nicotine reinforcement |
| title | Reinforcement and MAO-A inhibition in heated tobacco products: flavor and brand variations |
| title_full | Reinforcement and MAO-A inhibition in heated tobacco products: flavor and brand variations |
| title_fullStr | Reinforcement and MAO-A inhibition in heated tobacco products: flavor and brand variations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reinforcement and MAO-A inhibition in heated tobacco products: flavor and brand variations |
| title_short | Reinforcement and MAO-A inhibition in heated tobacco products: flavor and brand variations |
| title_sort | reinforcement and mao a inhibition in heated tobacco products flavor and brand variations |
| topic | heated tobacco products (HTPs) self-administration MAO-A inhibition MAO inhibitors nicotine reinforcement |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1515519/full |
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