The Association of <i>VDR</i>, <i>CYP2R1</i>, and <i>GC</i> Gene Polymorphisms, Dietary Intake, and BMI in Regulating Vitamin D Status

The Association of <i>VDR</i>, <i>CYP2R1</i>, and <i>GC</i> Gene Polymorphisms, Dietary Intake, and BMI in Regulating Vitamin D Status

Vitamin D plays a crucial role in bone health and immune function, with serum 25(OH)D levels influenced by genetic, dietary, and metabolic factors. Background/Objectives: This study investigated the impact of <i>VDR</i> rs731236, <i>CYP2R1</i> rs10741657, and <i>GC</...

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Main Authors: Carmina Mariana Stroia, Annamaria Pallag, Maria Vrânceanu, David de Lorenzo, Keith Anthony Grimaldi, Csaba Robert Pallag, Kinga Vindis, Diana Bei, Cristina Burlou-Nagy (Fati), Timea Claudia Ghitea
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-07-01
Series:Diseases
Subjects:
vitamin D
BMI
genetic polymorphisms
<i>VDR</i>
<i>CYP2R1</i>
<i>GC</i>
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9721/13/7/219
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Summary:Vitamin D plays a crucial role in bone health and immune function, with serum 25(OH)D levels influenced by genetic, dietary, and metabolic factors. Background/Objectives: This study investigated the impact of <i>VDR</i> rs731236, <i>CYP2R1</i> rs10741657, and <i>GC</i> rs2282679 polymorphisms, body mass index (BMI), and dietary vitamin D intake on vitamin D status. Methods: A total of 230 adults were classified into four BMI categories: normal weight (NW), overweight (OW), obesity class I (OB), and obesity class II/III (OP). Participants completed a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and a 7-day Food Frequency Diary (FFD). Genotyping was performed using TaqMan assays, and serum 25(OH)D was quantified via spectrophotometry. Statistical analyses included ANOVA and multiple linear regression. Results: The <i>VDR</i> rs731236 CC genotype, <i>CYP2R1</i> rs10741657 AG/GG, and <i>GC</i> rs2282679 AC/CC were associated with lower serum vitamin D levels. A higher BMI was significantly correlated with reduced serum 25(OH)D (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with BMI emerging as the strongest predictor of vitamin D status. FFQ-based dietary intake showed a modest positive correlation with 25(OH)D (r = 0.47, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Conclusions: BMI and genetic variants in <i>VDR</i>, <i>CYP2R1</i>, and <i>GC</i> significantly influence vitamin D metabolism. Personalized interventions addressing genetic predispositions and weight management may improve vitamin D status.
ISSN:2079-9721

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