An innovative animal experimental model of rib fracture with bone displacement

Abstract Background Rib fractures, the most common blunt chest trauma worldwide, have been evaluated in multiple retrospective cohort studies. Histology laboratories using innovative techniques are crucial to improving patient outcomes; animal models are especially valuable in this regard. Currently...

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Main Authors: Chien-An Liao, Shih-Ching Kang, Tai-Horng Young, Chien-Hung Liao, Chi-Hsun Hsieh, Yi-Teng Fong, Chun-Chieh Chuang, Chih-Hao Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-03-01
Series:BMC Surgery
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12893-025-02861-5
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author Chien-An Liao
Shih-Ching Kang
Tai-Horng Young
Chien-Hung Liao
Chi-Hsun Hsieh
Yi-Teng Fong
Chun-Chieh Chuang
Chih-Hao Chen
author_facet Chien-An Liao
Shih-Ching Kang
Tai-Horng Young
Chien-Hung Liao
Chi-Hsun Hsieh
Yi-Teng Fong
Chun-Chieh Chuang
Chih-Hao Chen
author_sort Chien-An Liao
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Rib fractures, the most common blunt chest trauma worldwide, have been evaluated in multiple retrospective cohort studies. Histology laboratories using innovative techniques are crucial to improving patient outcomes; animal models are especially valuable in this regard. Currently, the creation of animal models of fractures involves cutting to avoid lethal pleural injury and induce linear fractures incompatible with real-world morphology. Suitable models with bone displacement, which are common surgical targets, are limited. Therefore, we aimed to develop an animal experimental model that aligns with real-world clinical conditions and allows for more in-depth research on blunt chest trauma. Methods We conducted an animal study using New Zealand rabbits to create fractures with displacement, without injuring the pleura. A facial bone drill was used to create several fracture holes in the ribs that were carefully dissected using a rongeur and scissors. After reaching the border between the bone and pleura, they were separated through blunt dissection with scissors. Fractures were created without injuring the pleura, and a rongeur was used to displace the bones. Results Seven rabbits successfully underwent surgery, with each awakening without pleural injury and pneumothorax. Surgery effectiveness was primarily assessed using chest computed tomography (CT) to evaluate types of rib fractures. CT was performed in the second week and second and third months postoperatively. All rabbits exhibited visibly displaced rib fractures, and no additional chest complications were observed. Conclusions This innovative animal model allowed us to study pathophysiological changes following rib fracture. Future studies investigating new medical materials and surgical procedures will benefit from this animal model.
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spelling doaj-art-4d60b630680a429383ab10f67fcef6352025-08-20T02:10:20ZengBMCBMC Surgery1471-24822025-03-012511610.1186/s12893-025-02861-5An innovative animal experimental model of rib fracture with bone displacementChien-An Liao0Shih-Ching Kang1Tai-Horng Young2Chien-Hung Liao3Chi-Hsun Hsieh4Yi-Teng Fong5Chun-Chieh Chuang6Chih-Hao Chen7Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan UniversityDepartment of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan UniversityDepartment of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalDepartment of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalDepartment of Trauma and Emergency Surgery, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial HospitalSchool of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung UniversityChang Gung University College of MedicineAbstract Background Rib fractures, the most common blunt chest trauma worldwide, have been evaluated in multiple retrospective cohort studies. Histology laboratories using innovative techniques are crucial to improving patient outcomes; animal models are especially valuable in this regard. Currently, the creation of animal models of fractures involves cutting to avoid lethal pleural injury and induce linear fractures incompatible with real-world morphology. Suitable models with bone displacement, which are common surgical targets, are limited. Therefore, we aimed to develop an animal experimental model that aligns with real-world clinical conditions and allows for more in-depth research on blunt chest trauma. Methods We conducted an animal study using New Zealand rabbits to create fractures with displacement, without injuring the pleura. A facial bone drill was used to create several fracture holes in the ribs that were carefully dissected using a rongeur and scissors. After reaching the border between the bone and pleura, they were separated through blunt dissection with scissors. Fractures were created without injuring the pleura, and a rongeur was used to displace the bones. Results Seven rabbits successfully underwent surgery, with each awakening without pleural injury and pneumothorax. Surgery effectiveness was primarily assessed using chest computed tomography (CT) to evaluate types of rib fractures. CT was performed in the second week and second and third months postoperatively. All rabbits exhibited visibly displaced rib fractures, and no additional chest complications were observed. Conclusions This innovative animal model allowed us to study pathophysiological changes following rib fracture. Future studies investigating new medical materials and surgical procedures will benefit from this animal model.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12893-025-02861-5RibFractureBone displacementRabbitAnimal model
spellingShingle Chien-An Liao
Shih-Ching Kang
Tai-Horng Young
Chien-Hung Liao
Chi-Hsun Hsieh
Yi-Teng Fong
Chun-Chieh Chuang
Chih-Hao Chen
An innovative animal experimental model of rib fracture with bone displacement
BMC Surgery
Rib
Fracture
Bone displacement
Rabbit
Animal model
title An innovative animal experimental model of rib fracture with bone displacement
title_full An innovative animal experimental model of rib fracture with bone displacement
title_fullStr An innovative animal experimental model of rib fracture with bone displacement
title_full_unstemmed An innovative animal experimental model of rib fracture with bone displacement
title_short An innovative animal experimental model of rib fracture with bone displacement
title_sort innovative animal experimental model of rib fracture with bone displacement
topic Rib
Fracture
Bone displacement
Rabbit
Animal model
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12893-025-02861-5
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