A Systematic Review of Pharmacist-Led Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Sub-Saharan Africa
Background. The misuse of antibiotics contributes significantly to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Higher treatment costs, longer hospital stays, and clinical failure can all result from AMR. According to projections, Africa and Asia will bear the heaviest burden of AMR-related mortalities in the co...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Clinical Practice |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3639943 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850107244599836672 |
|---|---|
| author | Phanice Ajore Otieno Sue Campbell Sonny Maley Tom Obinju Arunga Mitchel Otieno Okumu |
| author_facet | Phanice Ajore Otieno Sue Campbell Sonny Maley Tom Obinju Arunga Mitchel Otieno Okumu |
| author_sort | Phanice Ajore Otieno |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. The misuse of antibiotics contributes significantly to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Higher treatment costs, longer hospital stays, and clinical failure can all result from AMR. According to projections, Africa and Asia will bear the heaviest burden of AMR-related mortalities in the coming years. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes are therefore critical in mitigating the effects of AMR. Pharmacists may play an important role in such programmes, as seen in Europe and North America, but the impact, challenges, and opportunities of pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship interventions in Sub-Saharan African hospitals are unknown. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the impact, challenges, and opportunities of pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship interventions in Sub-Saharan African hospitals. Methods. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines were used to search for peer-reviewed pharmacist-led studies based in hospitals in Sub-Saharan Africa that were published in English between January 2015 and January 2021. The PubMed, Embase, and Ovid databases were used. Results. Education and training, audits and feedback, protocol development, and ward rounds were identified as primary components of pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa. The pharmacist-led antimicrobial interventions improved adherence to guidelines and reduced inappropriate prescribing, but were hampered by a lack of laboratory and technological support, limited stewardship time, poor documentation, and a lack of guidelines and policies. Funding, mentorship, guidelines, accountability, continuous monitoring, feedback, multidisciplinary engagements, and collaborations were identified as critical in the implementation of pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship programmes. Conclusions. These findings suggest that pharmacists in Sub-Saharan African hospitals can successfully lead antimicrobial stewardship programmes but their implementation is limited by lack of mentorship, accountability, continuous monitoring, feedback, collaborations, and poor funding. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4d4fa0951aaa440491a1ba10679f8e8a |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1742-1241 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Clinical Practice |
| spelling | doaj-art-4d4fa0951aaa440491a1ba10679f8e8a2025-08-20T02:38:38ZengWileyInternational Journal of Clinical Practice1742-12412022-01-01202210.1155/2022/3639943A Systematic Review of Pharmacist-Led Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Sub-Saharan AfricaPhanice Ajore Otieno0Sue Campbell1Sonny Maley2Tom Obinju Arunga3Mitchel Otieno Okumu4College of MedicalCollege of MedicalCollege of MedicalDepartment of Health InformaticsDepartment of HealthBackground. The misuse of antibiotics contributes significantly to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Higher treatment costs, longer hospital stays, and clinical failure can all result from AMR. According to projections, Africa and Asia will bear the heaviest burden of AMR-related mortalities in the coming years. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes are therefore critical in mitigating the effects of AMR. Pharmacists may play an important role in such programmes, as seen in Europe and North America, but the impact, challenges, and opportunities of pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship interventions in Sub-Saharan African hospitals are unknown. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the impact, challenges, and opportunities of pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship interventions in Sub-Saharan African hospitals. Methods. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines were used to search for peer-reviewed pharmacist-led studies based in hospitals in Sub-Saharan Africa that were published in English between January 2015 and January 2021. The PubMed, Embase, and Ovid databases were used. Results. Education and training, audits and feedback, protocol development, and ward rounds were identified as primary components of pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship interventions in Sub-Saharan Africa. The pharmacist-led antimicrobial interventions improved adherence to guidelines and reduced inappropriate prescribing, but were hampered by a lack of laboratory and technological support, limited stewardship time, poor documentation, and a lack of guidelines and policies. Funding, mentorship, guidelines, accountability, continuous monitoring, feedback, multidisciplinary engagements, and collaborations were identified as critical in the implementation of pharmacist-led antimicrobial stewardship programmes. Conclusions. These findings suggest that pharmacists in Sub-Saharan African hospitals can successfully lead antimicrobial stewardship programmes but their implementation is limited by lack of mentorship, accountability, continuous monitoring, feedback, collaborations, and poor funding.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3639943 |
| spellingShingle | Phanice Ajore Otieno Sue Campbell Sonny Maley Tom Obinju Arunga Mitchel Otieno Okumu A Systematic Review of Pharmacist-Led Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Sub-Saharan Africa International Journal of Clinical Practice |
| title | A Systematic Review of Pharmacist-Led Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_full | A Systematic Review of Pharmacist-Led Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_fullStr | A Systematic Review of Pharmacist-Led Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Systematic Review of Pharmacist-Led Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_short | A Systematic Review of Pharmacist-Led Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs in Sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_sort | systematic review of pharmacist led antimicrobial stewardship programs in sub saharan africa |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3639943 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT phaniceajoreotieno asystematicreviewofpharmacistledantimicrobialstewardshipprogramsinsubsaharanafrica AT suecampbell asystematicreviewofpharmacistledantimicrobialstewardshipprogramsinsubsaharanafrica AT sonnymaley asystematicreviewofpharmacistledantimicrobialstewardshipprogramsinsubsaharanafrica AT tomobinjuarunga asystematicreviewofpharmacistledantimicrobialstewardshipprogramsinsubsaharanafrica AT mitchelotienookumu asystematicreviewofpharmacistledantimicrobialstewardshipprogramsinsubsaharanafrica AT phaniceajoreotieno systematicreviewofpharmacistledantimicrobialstewardshipprogramsinsubsaharanafrica AT suecampbell systematicreviewofpharmacistledantimicrobialstewardshipprogramsinsubsaharanafrica AT sonnymaley systematicreviewofpharmacistledantimicrobialstewardshipprogramsinsubsaharanafrica AT tomobinjuarunga systematicreviewofpharmacistledantimicrobialstewardshipprogramsinsubsaharanafrica AT mitchelotienookumu systematicreviewofpharmacistledantimicrobialstewardshipprogramsinsubsaharanafrica |