Association between social support and viral load in adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy – Witbank, South Africa

Background: There are significant number of patients who are on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) not virally suppressed, which is a huge clinical challenge. Social support as a non-pharmacological factor, which may influence the viral suppression, is less studied and has equivocal result...

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Main Authors: Temnewo M. Habte, Charles Bondo, Lushiku Nkombua
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: AOSIS 2020-12-01
Series:South African Family Practice
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Online Access:https://safpj.co.za/index.php/safpj/article/view/5139
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author Temnewo M. Habte
Charles Bondo
Lushiku Nkombua
author_facet Temnewo M. Habte
Charles Bondo
Lushiku Nkombua
author_sort Temnewo M. Habte
collection DOAJ
description Background: There are significant number of patients who are on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) not virally suppressed, which is a huge clinical challenge. Social support as a non-pharmacological factor, which may influence the viral suppression, is less studied and has equivocal results. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between social support and viral load (VL) in adults on HAART. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study. Using a structured questionnaire, 380 adults (≥ 18 years) on HAART for ≥ 6 months were recruited between November 2018 and February 2019 from Witbank hospital and surrounding clinics. Multivariable logistic regression was carried out. Results: The mean age of the participants was 40.5 years (s.d. = 10.3). The majority were females (73%), at least high school educated (84%), unemployed (57%), single (63%) and did not have comorbidity (80%). The vast majority had moderate to high adherence (84%) and moderate to good perceived social support (94%). The viral suppression rate was 87%. Both adherence (p 0.001) and social support (p = 0.017) were significantly associated with VL. However, only adherence was predictive of viral suppression in multivariable analysis. Compared to poorly adherent, moderately (OR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.32–5.98) and highly (OR = 5.3; 95% CI = 2.41–11.81) adherent participants were more likely to have suppressed VL. Conclusion: Viral suppression rate was high. Self-reported adherence to HAART was highly predictive of viral suppression, which highlights the importance of assessing and addressing adherence issues at every contact with patients taking HAART. Good social support did not predict viral suppression.
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spelling doaj-art-4d309f520eee40438a2aa8b36e14ef922025-08-20T03:47:09ZengAOSISSouth African Family Practice2078-61902078-62042020-12-01621e1e710.4102/safp.v62i1.51394094Association between social support and viral load in adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy – Witbank, South AfricaTemnewo M. Habte0Charles Bondo1Lushiku Nkombua2Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, PretoriaDepartment of Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, PretoriaDepartment of Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, PretoriaBackground: There are significant number of patients who are on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) not virally suppressed, which is a huge clinical challenge. Social support as a non-pharmacological factor, which may influence the viral suppression, is less studied and has equivocal results. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between social support and viral load (VL) in adults on HAART. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study. Using a structured questionnaire, 380 adults (≥ 18 years) on HAART for ≥ 6 months were recruited between November 2018 and February 2019 from Witbank hospital and surrounding clinics. Multivariable logistic regression was carried out. Results: The mean age of the participants was 40.5 years (s.d. = 10.3). The majority were females (73%), at least high school educated (84%), unemployed (57%), single (63%) and did not have comorbidity (80%). The vast majority had moderate to high adherence (84%) and moderate to good perceived social support (94%). The viral suppression rate was 87%. Both adherence (p 0.001) and social support (p = 0.017) were significantly associated with VL. However, only adherence was predictive of viral suppression in multivariable analysis. Compared to poorly adherent, moderately (OR = 2.8; 95% CI = 1.32–5.98) and highly (OR = 5.3; 95% CI = 2.41–11.81) adherent participants were more likely to have suppressed VL. Conclusion: Viral suppression rate was high. Self-reported adherence to HAART was highly predictive of viral suppression, which highlights the importance of assessing and addressing adherence issues at every contact with patients taking HAART. Good social support did not predict viral suppression.https://safpj.co.za/index.php/safpj/article/view/5139hivperceived social supportadherenceviral loadhaart
spellingShingle Temnewo M. Habte
Charles Bondo
Lushiku Nkombua
Association between social support and viral load in adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy – Witbank, South Africa
South African Family Practice
hiv
perceived social support
adherence
viral load
haart
title Association between social support and viral load in adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy – Witbank, South Africa
title_full Association between social support and viral load in adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy – Witbank, South Africa
title_fullStr Association between social support and viral load in adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy – Witbank, South Africa
title_full_unstemmed Association between social support and viral load in adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy – Witbank, South Africa
title_short Association between social support and viral load in adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy – Witbank, South Africa
title_sort association between social support and viral load in adults on highly active antiretroviral therapy witbank south africa
topic hiv
perceived social support
adherence
viral load
haart
url https://safpj.co.za/index.php/safpj/article/view/5139
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