Association between coronavirus 2 infection and preeclampsia among unvaccinated women

Abstract Objective: To investigate the association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19) infection and preeclampsia (PE); to verify whether the strength of the association differs according to the infection onset (trimester of pregnancy). Methods: Retrospect...

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Main Authors: Mariliza Henrique, Luis Carlos Machado Junior, Carla Gianna Luppi, Vanessa de Oliveira Maciel, Caio Carrete Mazzei, Jessica Macedo Lemos, Marcelo Luis Steiner
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Federação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia 2025-08-01
Series:Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
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Online Access:http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-72032025000100224&lng=en&tlng=en
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author Mariliza Henrique
Luis Carlos Machado Junior
Carla Gianna Luppi
Vanessa de Oliveira Maciel
Caio Carrete Mazzei
Jessica Macedo Lemos
Marcelo Luis Steiner
author_facet Mariliza Henrique
Luis Carlos Machado Junior
Carla Gianna Luppi
Vanessa de Oliveira Maciel
Caio Carrete Mazzei
Jessica Macedo Lemos
Marcelo Luis Steiner
author_sort Mariliza Henrique
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Objective: To investigate the association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19) infection and preeclampsia (PE); to verify whether the strength of the association differs according to the infection onset (trimester of pregnancy). Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Included women giving birth at a public hospital in Brazil from July 2020 to January 2021. All women were offered testing for COVID-19 during birth; they were also offered to test during prenatal care if symptomatics or contactants. Excluded women not tested. Compared the frequency of PE as well as of PE superimposed to chronic hypertension (PESCH) in women with versus without infection. Associations were accessed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: Among 1,575 women included, 288 (18.3%) had infection, 53 (3.4%) had PE, and 32 (2.1%) had PESCH. In univariate analysis, infection was significantly associated with PE, but not with PESCH. We then considered only PE as the outcome. The multivariable model included PE, infection, primigravida, fewer than seven prenatal visits. We found association between infection and PE, adjusted odds ratio 2.1; p=0.017. Women infected in the first trimester had a higher frequency of PE than those with infections in the second/third trimester, suggesting a temporal sequence, but the difference wasn't significant (p=0.054). Conclusion: Our data suggests association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and PE without chronic hypertension. The greater frequency of PE in women who had infection in the first trimester suggests a temporal sequence, but the small numbers are a limitation. Studies with larger samples are welcome.
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spelling doaj-art-4d1914034d3a408fa65baa7f09bee36a2025-08-20T03:45:08ZengFederação Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e ObstetríciaRevista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia0100-72032025-08-014710.61622/rbgo/2025rbgo36Association between coronavirus 2 infection and preeclampsia among unvaccinated womenMariliza Henriquehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2194-8805Luis Carlos Machado Juniorhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9409-6431Carla Gianna Luppihttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9183-8594Vanessa de Oliveira Macielhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2303-3991Caio Carrete Mazzeihttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0121-7490Jessica Macedo Lemoshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7709-3266Marcelo Luis Steinerhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2693-9695Abstract Objective: To investigate the association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19) infection and preeclampsia (PE); to verify whether the strength of the association differs according to the infection onset (trimester of pregnancy). Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study. Included women giving birth at a public hospital in Brazil from July 2020 to January 2021. All women were offered testing for COVID-19 during birth; they were also offered to test during prenatal care if symptomatics or contactants. Excluded women not tested. Compared the frequency of PE as well as of PE superimposed to chronic hypertension (PESCH) in women with versus without infection. Associations were accessed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: Among 1,575 women included, 288 (18.3%) had infection, 53 (3.4%) had PE, and 32 (2.1%) had PESCH. In univariate analysis, infection was significantly associated with PE, but not with PESCH. We then considered only PE as the outcome. The multivariable model included PE, infection, primigravida, fewer than seven prenatal visits. We found association between infection and PE, adjusted odds ratio 2.1; p=0.017. Women infected in the first trimester had a higher frequency of PE than those with infections in the second/third trimester, suggesting a temporal sequence, but the difference wasn't significant (p=0.054). Conclusion: Our data suggests association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and PE without chronic hypertension. The greater frequency of PE in women who had infection in the first trimester suggests a temporal sequence, but the small numbers are a limitation. Studies with larger samples are welcome.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-72032025000100224&lng=en&tlng=enSARS-COV-2COVID-19Coronavirus infectionsPre-eclampsiaHypertensionPregnancyPregnancy trimester, first
spellingShingle Mariliza Henrique
Luis Carlos Machado Junior
Carla Gianna Luppi
Vanessa de Oliveira Maciel
Caio Carrete Mazzei
Jessica Macedo Lemos
Marcelo Luis Steiner
Association between coronavirus 2 infection and preeclampsia among unvaccinated women
Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia
SARS-COV-2
COVID-19
Coronavirus infections
Pre-eclampsia
Hypertension
Pregnancy
Pregnancy trimester, first
title Association between coronavirus 2 infection and preeclampsia among unvaccinated women
title_full Association between coronavirus 2 infection and preeclampsia among unvaccinated women
title_fullStr Association between coronavirus 2 infection and preeclampsia among unvaccinated women
title_full_unstemmed Association between coronavirus 2 infection and preeclampsia among unvaccinated women
title_short Association between coronavirus 2 infection and preeclampsia among unvaccinated women
title_sort association between coronavirus 2 infection and preeclampsia among unvaccinated women
topic SARS-COV-2
COVID-19
Coronavirus infections
Pre-eclampsia
Hypertension
Pregnancy
Pregnancy trimester, first
url http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-72032025000100224&lng=en&tlng=en
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