Comparison of physical, chemical, physico-chemical, and enzymatic pretreatment of paddy straw for ethanol production

The global shift towards renewable energy has heightened the importance of bioethanol as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, addressing environmental concerns and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Sustainable chemistry offers innovative solutions for converting agricultural residues into val...

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Main Authors: Sudarshan Sahu, Urbi Bansal, Gursharan Singh, Shailendra Kumar Arya
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949839225000343
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author Sudarshan Sahu
Urbi Bansal
Gursharan Singh
Shailendra Kumar Arya
author_facet Sudarshan Sahu
Urbi Bansal
Gursharan Singh
Shailendra Kumar Arya
author_sort Sudarshan Sahu
collection DOAJ
description The global shift towards renewable energy has heightened the importance of bioethanol as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, addressing environmental concerns and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Sustainable chemistry offers innovative solutions for converting agricultural residues into valuable biofuels, yet challenges in optimizing pretreatment and enzymatic processes persist. This study addresses these gaps by systematically comparing physical, chemical, physicochemical, and enzymatic pretreatments to enhance ethanol yields from paddy straw. Methods included alkali, sonication, and alkali-assisted sonication treatments to modify substrate composition, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase, xylanase, and mannanase. Results revealed that alkali-assisted sonication yielded the highest reducing sugar concentrations (30 ± 0.8 mg/mL) and ethanol productivity (0.41 g/L/h), with a saccharification percentage of 89 % and ethanol yield of 0.58 g/L. In contrast, xylanase exhibited a saccharification percentage of 83 % with an ethanol productivity of 0.28 g/L/h, while cellulase achieved 85 % saccharification and 0.35 g/L/h ethanol productivity. Mannanase showed the lowest performance with 79 % saccharification and 0.21 g/L/h ethanol productivity. A synergistic enzyme cocktail maximized substrate breakdown and sugar release. This research underscores the critical role of pretreatment and enzyme selection in advancing bioethanol production, offering a sustainable pathway to valorize agricultural waste into clean energy.
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spelling doaj-art-4c7f8a7ab5624c82ae881b0c724d5aaa2025-08-20T02:08:38ZengElsevierSustainable Chemistry for the Environment2949-83922025-06-011010023910.1016/j.scenv.2025.100239Comparison of physical, chemical, physico-chemical, and enzymatic pretreatment of paddy straw for ethanol productionSudarshan Sahu0Urbi Bansal1Gursharan Singh2Shailendra Kumar Arya3Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, IndiaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, IndiaDepartment of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India; Corresponding author.The global shift towards renewable energy has heightened the importance of bioethanol as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, addressing environmental concerns and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Sustainable chemistry offers innovative solutions for converting agricultural residues into valuable biofuels, yet challenges in optimizing pretreatment and enzymatic processes persist. This study addresses these gaps by systematically comparing physical, chemical, physicochemical, and enzymatic pretreatments to enhance ethanol yields from paddy straw. Methods included alkali, sonication, and alkali-assisted sonication treatments to modify substrate composition, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulase, xylanase, and mannanase. Results revealed that alkali-assisted sonication yielded the highest reducing sugar concentrations (30 ± 0.8 mg/mL) and ethanol productivity (0.41 g/L/h), with a saccharification percentage of 89 % and ethanol yield of 0.58 g/L. In contrast, xylanase exhibited a saccharification percentage of 83 % with an ethanol productivity of 0.28 g/L/h, while cellulase achieved 85 % saccharification and 0.35 g/L/h ethanol productivity. Mannanase showed the lowest performance with 79 % saccharification and 0.21 g/L/h ethanol productivity. A synergistic enzyme cocktail maximized substrate breakdown and sugar release. This research underscores the critical role of pretreatment and enzyme selection in advancing bioethanol production, offering a sustainable pathway to valorize agricultural waste into clean energy.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949839225000343BioethanolFermentationPaddy strawPretreatmentLignocellulosic biomassEnzymatic hydrolysis
spellingShingle Sudarshan Sahu
Urbi Bansal
Gursharan Singh
Shailendra Kumar Arya
Comparison of physical, chemical, physico-chemical, and enzymatic pretreatment of paddy straw for ethanol production
Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment
Bioethanol
Fermentation
Paddy straw
Pretreatment
Lignocellulosic biomass
Enzymatic hydrolysis
title Comparison of physical, chemical, physico-chemical, and enzymatic pretreatment of paddy straw for ethanol production
title_full Comparison of physical, chemical, physico-chemical, and enzymatic pretreatment of paddy straw for ethanol production
title_fullStr Comparison of physical, chemical, physico-chemical, and enzymatic pretreatment of paddy straw for ethanol production
title_full_unstemmed Comparison of physical, chemical, physico-chemical, and enzymatic pretreatment of paddy straw for ethanol production
title_short Comparison of physical, chemical, physico-chemical, and enzymatic pretreatment of paddy straw for ethanol production
title_sort comparison of physical chemical physico chemical and enzymatic pretreatment of paddy straw for ethanol production
topic Bioethanol
Fermentation
Paddy straw
Pretreatment
Lignocellulosic biomass
Enzymatic hydrolysis
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949839225000343
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AT urbibansal comparisonofphysicalchemicalphysicochemicalandenzymaticpretreatmentofpaddystrawforethanolproduction
AT gursharansingh comparisonofphysicalchemicalphysicochemicalandenzymaticpretreatmentofpaddystrawforethanolproduction
AT shailendrakumararya comparisonofphysicalchemicalphysicochemicalandenzymaticpretreatmentofpaddystrawforethanolproduction