Desigualdades na mortalidade infantil no Município de São Paulo: em busca do melhor indicador
It is estimated that world population will keep increasing until reach stability around 11 billion people in 2075. Therefore, the urban environment, housing for the majority of the global population, needs to be seen as a strategic priority in the near future, both in terms of the impact on natural...
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2018-10-01
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| author | Ligia Vizeu Barrozo |
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| author_sort | Ligia Vizeu Barrozo |
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| description | It is estimated that world population will keep increasing until reach stability around 11 billion people in 2075. Therefore, the urban environment, housing for the majority of the global population, needs to be seen as a strategic priority in the near future, both in terms of the impact on natural resources and equity of welfare and social justice. Poverty (absolute and relative) and its relationship with health is still a challenge even in high-income countries. In São Paulo, there is a socio-spatial gradient of the relative risks for some mortalities, which increase as the socio-environmental profile of the population worsens. To break the link between poverty and health requires an understanding of spatial patterns beyond income as an aggregate indicator. Thus, I tested whether income is still the best indicator for explaining infant mortality in the city of São Paulo. For this I outlined an ecological, transversal study with spatial expression through the implementation of a project in Geographic Information System, from the geographic unit of the sample area of the 2010 Demographic Census. I compared income performance as an indicator with other indicators that express the population composition, socioeconomic conditions, income inequality and residential segregation. Data on deaths from DATASUS corresponded to the years 2006 to 2009. The relative risks were calculated through the SaTScan program, considering sex as covariate. Socioeconomic data were obtained from the micro data of the Demographic Census of 2010 referring to the sample areas. Statistical analyzes comprised simple non-spatial linear regression models (Ordinary Least Squares). Due to the spatial dependence of the residues of these models, global spatial regression models were applied, which were not able to fully explain the studied mortalities. Finally, the geographically weighted regression models allowed verifying important spatial associations. The Index of Concentration in the Extremes (ICE) for income and affluent White race or color on poor Black, Mixed or Indigenous people was the best predictor for infant mortality (R2 = 0.39 and AIC = 59.28). The results allow concluding that it is possible to move beyond income by incorporating aspects of residential segregation by income and color or race combined. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-4c7145924c8d48d491f2a1f2747603282025-01-13T15:56:14ZengConfinsConfins1958-92122018-10-013710.4000/confins.15010Desigualdades na mortalidade infantil no Município de São Paulo: em busca do melhor indicadorLigia Vizeu BarrozoIt is estimated that world population will keep increasing until reach stability around 11 billion people in 2075. Therefore, the urban environment, housing for the majority of the global population, needs to be seen as a strategic priority in the near future, both in terms of the impact on natural resources and equity of welfare and social justice. Poverty (absolute and relative) and its relationship with health is still a challenge even in high-income countries. In São Paulo, there is a socio-spatial gradient of the relative risks for some mortalities, which increase as the socio-environmental profile of the population worsens. To break the link between poverty and health requires an understanding of spatial patterns beyond income as an aggregate indicator. Thus, I tested whether income is still the best indicator for explaining infant mortality in the city of São Paulo. For this I outlined an ecological, transversal study with spatial expression through the implementation of a project in Geographic Information System, from the geographic unit of the sample area of the 2010 Demographic Census. I compared income performance as an indicator with other indicators that express the population composition, socioeconomic conditions, income inequality and residential segregation. Data on deaths from DATASUS corresponded to the years 2006 to 2009. The relative risks were calculated through the SaTScan program, considering sex as covariate. Socioeconomic data were obtained from the micro data of the Demographic Census of 2010 referring to the sample areas. Statistical analyzes comprised simple non-spatial linear regression models (Ordinary Least Squares). Due to the spatial dependence of the residues of these models, global spatial regression models were applied, which were not able to fully explain the studied mortalities. Finally, the geographically weighted regression models allowed verifying important spatial associations. The Index of Concentration in the Extremes (ICE) for income and affluent White race or color on poor Black, Mixed or Indigenous people was the best predictor for infant mortality (R2 = 0.39 and AIC = 59.28). The results allow concluding that it is possible to move beyond income by incorporating aspects of residential segregation by income and color or race combined.https://journals.openedition.org/confins/15010Composite socioeconomic indicator. Income. Income inequality. Residential segregation. Infant mortality. |
| spellingShingle | Ligia Vizeu Barrozo Desigualdades na mortalidade infantil no Município de São Paulo: em busca do melhor indicador Confins Composite socioeconomic indicator. Income. Income inequality. Residential segregation. Infant mortality. |
| title | Desigualdades na mortalidade infantil no Município de São Paulo: em busca do melhor indicador |
| title_full | Desigualdades na mortalidade infantil no Município de São Paulo: em busca do melhor indicador |
| title_fullStr | Desigualdades na mortalidade infantil no Município de São Paulo: em busca do melhor indicador |
| title_full_unstemmed | Desigualdades na mortalidade infantil no Município de São Paulo: em busca do melhor indicador |
| title_short | Desigualdades na mortalidade infantil no Município de São Paulo: em busca do melhor indicador |
| title_sort | desigualdades na mortalidade infantil no municipio de sao paulo em busca do melhor indicador |
| topic | Composite socioeconomic indicator. Income. Income inequality. Residential segregation. Infant mortality. |
| url | https://journals.openedition.org/confins/15010 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ligiavizeubarrozo desigualdadesnamortalidadeinfantilnomunicipiodesaopauloembuscadomelhorindicador |