A Spiral in the Heart: Mitral Valve Endocarditis with Unusual Vegetation Shape Potentially Affecting Effectiveness of Antibiotic Therapy

We report an unusual case of infective endocarditis (IE) in an 88-year-old woman, occurring on a prolapsing mitral valve and characterized by an atypical vegetation shape resembling a spiral-like appearance. After the patient refused surgical correction, persistent IE despite prolonged antibiotic th...

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Main Authors: Veronica Fibbi, Piercarlo Ballo, Alessandro Abbondanti, Marco Nannini, Antonio Fazi
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2015-01-01
Series:Case Reports in Cardiology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/483067
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author Veronica Fibbi
Piercarlo Ballo
Alessandro Abbondanti
Marco Nannini
Antonio Fazi
author_facet Veronica Fibbi
Piercarlo Ballo
Alessandro Abbondanti
Marco Nannini
Antonio Fazi
author_sort Veronica Fibbi
collection DOAJ
description We report an unusual case of infective endocarditis (IE) in an 88-year-old woman, occurring on a prolapsing mitral valve and characterized by an atypical vegetation shape resembling a spiral-like appearance. After the patient refused surgical correction, persistent IE despite prolonged antibiotic therapy was observed, resulting in an ischemic stroke probably secondary to septic embolus. The importance of vegetation shape in the management of patients with IE was classically related to the increased risk of embolization associated with pedunculated, irregular, and multilobed masses. We hypothesize that the unusual spiral-like vegetation shape in our patient may have favored IE persistence by two mechanisms, namely, a decrease of the exposed vegetation surface with creation of an internal core where the penetration of antimicrobial agents was obstacled and the creation of blood turbulence within the vegetation preventing a prolonged contact with circulating antibiotics. These considerations suggest that vegetation shape might be considered of importance in patients with IE not only because of its classical association with embolization risk, but also because of its potential effect on the efficacy of antibiotic therapy.
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issn 2090-6404
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language English
publishDate 2015-01-01
publisher Wiley
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series Case Reports in Cardiology
spelling doaj-art-4c6b49be3fa6477fbd67b421198baea92025-08-20T02:38:42ZengWileyCase Reports in Cardiology2090-64042090-64122015-01-01201510.1155/2015/483067483067A Spiral in the Heart: Mitral Valve Endocarditis with Unusual Vegetation Shape Potentially Affecting Effectiveness of Antibiotic TherapyVeronica Fibbi0Piercarlo Ballo1Alessandro Abbondanti2Marco Nannini3Antonio Fazi4Cardiology Unit, S. Maria Annunziata Hospital, 50012 Florence, ItalyCardiology Unit, S. Maria Annunziata Hospital, 50012 Florence, ItalyCardiology Unit, S. Maria Annunziata Hospital, 50012 Florence, ItalyCardiology Unit, S. Maria Annunziata Hospital, 50012 Florence, ItalyCardiology Unit, S. Maria Annunziata Hospital, 50012 Florence, ItalyWe report an unusual case of infective endocarditis (IE) in an 88-year-old woman, occurring on a prolapsing mitral valve and characterized by an atypical vegetation shape resembling a spiral-like appearance. After the patient refused surgical correction, persistent IE despite prolonged antibiotic therapy was observed, resulting in an ischemic stroke probably secondary to septic embolus. The importance of vegetation shape in the management of patients with IE was classically related to the increased risk of embolization associated with pedunculated, irregular, and multilobed masses. We hypothesize that the unusual spiral-like vegetation shape in our patient may have favored IE persistence by two mechanisms, namely, a decrease of the exposed vegetation surface with creation of an internal core where the penetration of antimicrobial agents was obstacled and the creation of blood turbulence within the vegetation preventing a prolonged contact with circulating antibiotics. These considerations suggest that vegetation shape might be considered of importance in patients with IE not only because of its classical association with embolization risk, but also because of its potential effect on the efficacy of antibiotic therapy.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/483067
spellingShingle Veronica Fibbi
Piercarlo Ballo
Alessandro Abbondanti
Marco Nannini
Antonio Fazi
A Spiral in the Heart: Mitral Valve Endocarditis with Unusual Vegetation Shape Potentially Affecting Effectiveness of Antibiotic Therapy
Case Reports in Cardiology
title A Spiral in the Heart: Mitral Valve Endocarditis with Unusual Vegetation Shape Potentially Affecting Effectiveness of Antibiotic Therapy
title_full A Spiral in the Heart: Mitral Valve Endocarditis with Unusual Vegetation Shape Potentially Affecting Effectiveness of Antibiotic Therapy
title_fullStr A Spiral in the Heart: Mitral Valve Endocarditis with Unusual Vegetation Shape Potentially Affecting Effectiveness of Antibiotic Therapy
title_full_unstemmed A Spiral in the Heart: Mitral Valve Endocarditis with Unusual Vegetation Shape Potentially Affecting Effectiveness of Antibiotic Therapy
title_short A Spiral in the Heart: Mitral Valve Endocarditis with Unusual Vegetation Shape Potentially Affecting Effectiveness of Antibiotic Therapy
title_sort spiral in the heart mitral valve endocarditis with unusual vegetation shape potentially affecting effectiveness of antibiotic therapy
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/483067
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