From Brain to Muscle: The Role of Muscle Tissue in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and Parkinson’s disease (PD), primarily affect the central nervous system, leading to progressive neuronal loss and motor and cognitive dysfunction. However, recent studies have revealed that muscle...
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MDPI AG
2024-09-01
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| author | Elisa Duranti Chiara Villa |
| author_facet | Elisa Duranti Chiara Villa |
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| description | Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and Parkinson’s disease (PD), primarily affect the central nervous system, leading to progressive neuronal loss and motor and cognitive dysfunction. However, recent studies have revealed that muscle tissue also plays a significant role in these diseases. ALS is characterized by severe muscle wasting as a result of motor neuron degeneration, as well as alterations in gene expression, protein aggregation, and oxidative stress. Muscle atrophy and mitochondrial dysfunction are also observed in AD, which may exacerbate cognitive decline due to systemic metabolic dysregulation. PD patients exhibit muscle fiber atrophy, altered muscle composition, and α-synuclein aggregation within muscle cells, contributing to motor symptoms and disease progression. Systemic inflammation and impaired protein degradation pathways are common among these disorders, highlighting muscle tissue as a key player in disease progression. Understanding these muscle-related changes offers potential therapeutic avenues, such as targeting mitochondrial function, reducing inflammation, and promoting muscle regeneration with exercise and pharmacological interventions. This review emphasizes the importance of considering an integrative approach to neurodegenerative disease research, considering both central and peripheral pathological mechanisms, in order to develop more effective treatments and improve patient outcomes. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2079-7737 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-4c301b89847b4b0fba1537ae9fe0fea72025-08-20T01:56:00ZengMDPI AGBiology2079-77372024-09-0113971910.3390/biology13090719From Brain to Muscle: The Role of Muscle Tissue in Neurodegenerative DisordersElisa Duranti0Chiara Villa1School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, ItalySchool of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, ItalyNeurodegenerative diseases (NDs), like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and Parkinson’s disease (PD), primarily affect the central nervous system, leading to progressive neuronal loss and motor and cognitive dysfunction. However, recent studies have revealed that muscle tissue also plays a significant role in these diseases. ALS is characterized by severe muscle wasting as a result of motor neuron degeneration, as well as alterations in gene expression, protein aggregation, and oxidative stress. Muscle atrophy and mitochondrial dysfunction are also observed in AD, which may exacerbate cognitive decline due to systemic metabolic dysregulation. PD patients exhibit muscle fiber atrophy, altered muscle composition, and α-synuclein aggregation within muscle cells, contributing to motor symptoms and disease progression. Systemic inflammation and impaired protein degradation pathways are common among these disorders, highlighting muscle tissue as a key player in disease progression. Understanding these muscle-related changes offers potential therapeutic avenues, such as targeting mitochondrial function, reducing inflammation, and promoting muscle regeneration with exercise and pharmacological interventions. This review emphasizes the importance of considering an integrative approach to neurodegenerative disease research, considering both central and peripheral pathological mechanisms, in order to develop more effective treatments and improve patient outcomes.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/9/719muscleneurodegenerative diseasestherapy |
| spellingShingle | Elisa Duranti Chiara Villa From Brain to Muscle: The Role of Muscle Tissue in Neurodegenerative Disorders Biology muscle neurodegenerative diseases therapy |
| title | From Brain to Muscle: The Role of Muscle Tissue in Neurodegenerative Disorders |
| title_full | From Brain to Muscle: The Role of Muscle Tissue in Neurodegenerative Disorders |
| title_fullStr | From Brain to Muscle: The Role of Muscle Tissue in Neurodegenerative Disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | From Brain to Muscle: The Role of Muscle Tissue in Neurodegenerative Disorders |
| title_short | From Brain to Muscle: The Role of Muscle Tissue in Neurodegenerative Disorders |
| title_sort | from brain to muscle the role of muscle tissue in neurodegenerative disorders |
| topic | muscle neurodegenerative diseases therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-7737/13/9/719 |
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