Variant Cells and Viral Infections: Understanding Cellular Coping Mechanisms
Cellular stress, induced by diverse factors including viral infection, reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypoxia, and toxin exposure, disrupts normal cellular function. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is pivotal in managing cellular stress, notably through the unfolded protein response (UPR) and ERas...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Pasteur Institute of Iran
2024-09-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-699-en.html |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850274052776656896 |
|---|---|
| author | Farzaneh Sheikholeslami1* Reza Shirzad1 Fatemeh Motevalli2 |
| author_facet | Farzaneh Sheikholeslami1* Reza Shirzad1 Fatemeh Motevalli2 |
| author_sort | Farzaneh Sheikholeslami1* |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cellular stress, induced by diverse factors including viral infection, reactive
oxygen species (ROS), hypoxia, and toxin exposure, disrupts normal cellular
function. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is pivotal in managing cellular
stress, notably through the unfolded protein response (UPR) and ERassociated
degradation (ERAD) pathways. This intricate process involves a
complex interplay of transcription factors and signaling molecules. During
viral infection, cells activate a multifaceted antiviral response, which is
specifically modulated by both the virus type and the molecular mechanisms
of the host's immune system. For instance, certain viruses like Japanese
encephalitis virus (JEV) exploit multiple cellular pathways for replication
and propagation. Viral infection can significantly impact cellular processes
like autophagy and apoptosis, either promoting or suppressing these
pathways. Thus, the cellular response to viral infection represents a dynamic
interplay that can either benefit the host or be exploited by the virus for its
propagation. For instance, viruses within the Flaviviridae family often
preserve host cell viability during early infection to enhance replication,
subsequently triggering apoptosis or other cell death mechanisms to
facilitate viral dissemination. This review explores the diverse responses of
infected cells to various viruses, highlighting the complex molecular
strategies employed by both host and pathogen. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4c251d6b70aa43ea9819dd4a55c9fefd |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2345-5349 2345-5330 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | Pasteur Institute of Iran |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-4c251d6b70aa43ea9819dd4a55c9fefd2025-08-20T01:51:15ZengPasteur Institute of IranJournal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases2345-53492345-53302024-09-0112317117810.61186/JoMMID.12.3.171Variant Cells and Viral Infections: Understanding Cellular Coping MechanismsFarzaneh Sheikholeslami1*0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2835-548XReza Shirzad11https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2122-9595Fatemeh Motevalli22https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4138-10841WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Rabies, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran1WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Rabies, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran2Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, IranCellular stress, induced by diverse factors including viral infection, reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypoxia, and toxin exposure, disrupts normal cellular function. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is pivotal in managing cellular stress, notably through the unfolded protein response (UPR) and ERassociated degradation (ERAD) pathways. This intricate process involves a complex interplay of transcription factors and signaling molecules. During viral infection, cells activate a multifaceted antiviral response, which is specifically modulated by both the virus type and the molecular mechanisms of the host's immune system. For instance, certain viruses like Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) exploit multiple cellular pathways for replication and propagation. Viral infection can significantly impact cellular processes like autophagy and apoptosis, either promoting or suppressing these pathways. Thus, the cellular response to viral infection represents a dynamic interplay that can either benefit the host or be exploited by the virus for its propagation. For instance, viruses within the Flaviviridae family often preserve host cell viability during early infection to enhance replication, subsequently triggering apoptosis or other cell death mechanisms to facilitate viral dissemination. This review explores the diverse responses of infected cells to various viruses, highlighting the complex molecular strategies employed by both host and pathogen.https://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-699-en.htmlviral infectionhostpathogen interactioncellular stress responseautophagyunfolded protein responseapoptosisendoplasmic reticulum stress stressviral replication |
| spellingShingle | Farzaneh Sheikholeslami1* Reza Shirzad1 Fatemeh Motevalli2 Variant Cells and Viral Infections: Understanding Cellular Coping Mechanisms Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases viral infection hostpathogen interaction cellular stress response autophagy unfolded protein response apoptosis endoplasmic reticulum stress stress viral replication |
| title | Variant Cells and Viral Infections: Understanding Cellular Coping Mechanisms |
| title_full | Variant Cells and Viral Infections: Understanding Cellular Coping Mechanisms |
| title_fullStr | Variant Cells and Viral Infections: Understanding Cellular Coping Mechanisms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Variant Cells and Viral Infections: Understanding Cellular Coping Mechanisms |
| title_short | Variant Cells and Viral Infections: Understanding Cellular Coping Mechanisms |
| title_sort | variant cells and viral infections understanding cellular coping mechanisms |
| topic | viral infection hostpathogen interaction cellular stress response autophagy unfolded protein response apoptosis endoplasmic reticulum stress stress viral replication |
| url | https://jommid.pasteur.ac.ir/article-1-699-en.html |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT farzanehsheikholeslami1 variantcellsandviralinfectionsunderstandingcellularcopingmechanisms AT rezashirzad1 variantcellsandviralinfectionsunderstandingcellularcopingmechanisms AT fatemehmotevalli2 variantcellsandviralinfectionsunderstandingcellularcopingmechanisms |