Shell Structure Evolution of U, Pu, and Cm Isotopes with Deformed Relativistic Hartree–Bogoliubov Theory in a Continuum
By adopting the deformed relativistic Hartree–Bogoliubov theory in continuum (DRHBc) with the point-coupling density functional PC-PK1, we investigate the shell structure evolution of even–even U, Pu, and Cm isotopic chains from the proton drip line to the neutron drip line. The Fermi energy <inl...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Particles |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-712X/8/1/19 |
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| Summary: | By adopting the deformed relativistic Hartree–Bogoliubov theory in continuum (DRHBc) with the point-coupling density functional PC-PK1, we investigate the shell structure evolution of even–even U, Pu, and Cm isotopic chains from the proton drip line to the neutron drip line. The Fermi energy <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>λ</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, two-neutron separation energy <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, two-neutron shell gap <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>δ</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, and quadrupole deformation <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>β</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> all indicate the major shell closures at <i>N</i> = 126, 184, and 258. The emergence of sudden drops between U and Pu isotopic chains in the proton Fermi energies <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>λ</mi><mi>p</mi></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> around these neutron shell closures is a consequence of the designation convention when the pairing collapse at the spurious shell closure <i>Z</i> = 92 occurs. The fine structure in the two-neutron shell gap, like negative <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi>δ</mi><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi></mrow></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula>, may be related to the ground-state shape transition. Finally, the subshells indicated by the small-scale peaks in the two-neutron shell gaps can be well understood by the deformed gaps in the single-neutron levels obtained by DRHBc theory. |
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| ISSN: | 2571-712X |