Preconception health beliefs and intentions predict behaviours among expectant male partners: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background The preconception period allows couples to plan and prepare for pregnancy. However, males can often consider this integral public health topic as a female domain. To better understand and support behaviour change for males before conception, this study aimed to identify and explo...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tristan Carter, Danielle Schoenaker, Kris Rogers, Jon Adams, Amie Steel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:Archives of Public Health
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-025-01627-y
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849767530557603840
author Tristan Carter
Danielle Schoenaker
Kris Rogers
Jon Adams
Amie Steel
author_facet Tristan Carter
Danielle Schoenaker
Kris Rogers
Jon Adams
Amie Steel
author_sort Tristan Carter
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background The preconception period allows couples to plan and prepare for pregnancy. However, males can often consider this integral public health topic as a female domain. To better understand and support behaviour change for males before conception, this study aimed to identify and explore the preconception and pregnancy planning health beliefs and intentions of expectant male reproductive partners of pregnant women in Australia. Methods An online cross-sectional survey [2020–2021] among males aged 18–49 years who were the reproductive partner (expectant partner) of a pregnant female. Recruitment occurred via social media. The 80-item survey consisted of five sections. Survey items regarding beliefs and intentions were formulated using the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Associations between participants’ beliefs, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and intentions related to three outcomes (regular exercise, healthy diet, and alcohol avoidance) were estimated using Structural Equation Modelling. Results Expectant partners’ (n = 136) had a mean age of 31 years. Their beliefs toward regular exercise and their perceived behavioural control to exercise regularly were associated with a greater intention to exercise regularly (Standardised estimate β = 0.54; p = 0.0087 and β = 0.43; p = 0.02, respectively). The beliefs of expectant partners toward alcohol avoidance and their perceived behavioural control toward alcohol avoidance were associated with a greater intention to avoid alcohol (β = 0.43; p < 0.001 and β = 0.36; p < 0.001, respectively). For the healthy diet outcome, subjective norms of expectant partners, and perceived behavioural control to adopt a healthy diet were associated with an intention to adopt a healthy diet (β = 0.23; p = 0.04 and β = 0.47; p < 0.001, respectively). Intention was in turn associated with behaviour for all three outcomes. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that the preconception intentions of expectant partners were associated with their preconception behaviours; especially for the intention to exercise regularly or to avoid alcohol. Further studies examining paternal preconception health beliefs, and intentions and the motivations behind health behaviours for males are needed to help develop targeted preconception health promotion messages and interventions that support males to optimise their preconception health.
format Article
id doaj-art-4c01e0792cbf485b97de3d8afc80997a
institution DOAJ
issn 2049-3258
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher BMC
record_format Article
series Archives of Public Health
spelling doaj-art-4c01e0792cbf485b97de3d8afc80997a2025-08-20T03:04:10ZengBMCArchives of Public Health2049-32582025-07-0183111210.1186/s13690-025-01627-yPreconception health beliefs and intentions predict behaviours among expectant male partners: a cross-sectional studyTristan Carter0Danielle Schoenaker1Kris Rogers2Jon Adams3Amie Steel4School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology SydneySchool of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of SouthamptonSchool of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology SydneySchool of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology SydneySchool of Public Health, Faculty of Health, University of Technology SydneyAbstract Background The preconception period allows couples to plan and prepare for pregnancy. However, males can often consider this integral public health topic as a female domain. To better understand and support behaviour change for males before conception, this study aimed to identify and explore the preconception and pregnancy planning health beliefs and intentions of expectant male reproductive partners of pregnant women in Australia. Methods An online cross-sectional survey [2020–2021] among males aged 18–49 years who were the reproductive partner (expectant partner) of a pregnant female. Recruitment occurred via social media. The 80-item survey consisted of five sections. Survey items regarding beliefs and intentions were formulated using the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Associations between participants’ beliefs, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control, and intentions related to three outcomes (regular exercise, healthy diet, and alcohol avoidance) were estimated using Structural Equation Modelling. Results Expectant partners’ (n = 136) had a mean age of 31 years. Their beliefs toward regular exercise and their perceived behavioural control to exercise regularly were associated with a greater intention to exercise regularly (Standardised estimate β = 0.54; p = 0.0087 and β = 0.43; p = 0.02, respectively). The beliefs of expectant partners toward alcohol avoidance and their perceived behavioural control toward alcohol avoidance were associated with a greater intention to avoid alcohol (β = 0.43; p < 0.001 and β = 0.36; p < 0.001, respectively). For the healthy diet outcome, subjective norms of expectant partners, and perceived behavioural control to adopt a healthy diet were associated with an intention to adopt a healthy diet (β = 0.23; p = 0.04 and β = 0.47; p < 0.001, respectively). Intention was in turn associated with behaviour for all three outcomes. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that the preconception intentions of expectant partners were associated with their preconception behaviours; especially for the intention to exercise regularly or to avoid alcohol. Further studies examining paternal preconception health beliefs, and intentions and the motivations behind health behaviours for males are needed to help develop targeted preconception health promotion messages and interventions that support males to optimise their preconception health.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-025-01627-yPreconceptionPregnancy planningMaleBeliefsIntentions
spellingShingle Tristan Carter
Danielle Schoenaker
Kris Rogers
Jon Adams
Amie Steel
Preconception health beliefs and intentions predict behaviours among expectant male partners: a cross-sectional study
Archives of Public Health
Preconception
Pregnancy planning
Male
Beliefs
Intentions
title Preconception health beliefs and intentions predict behaviours among expectant male partners: a cross-sectional study
title_full Preconception health beliefs and intentions predict behaviours among expectant male partners: a cross-sectional study
title_fullStr Preconception health beliefs and intentions predict behaviours among expectant male partners: a cross-sectional study
title_full_unstemmed Preconception health beliefs and intentions predict behaviours among expectant male partners: a cross-sectional study
title_short Preconception health beliefs and intentions predict behaviours among expectant male partners: a cross-sectional study
title_sort preconception health beliefs and intentions predict behaviours among expectant male partners a cross sectional study
topic Preconception
Pregnancy planning
Male
Beliefs
Intentions
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-025-01627-y
work_keys_str_mv AT tristancarter preconceptionhealthbeliefsandintentionspredictbehavioursamongexpectantmalepartnersacrosssectionalstudy
AT danielleschoenaker preconceptionhealthbeliefsandintentionspredictbehavioursamongexpectantmalepartnersacrosssectionalstudy
AT krisrogers preconceptionhealthbeliefsandintentionspredictbehavioursamongexpectantmalepartnersacrosssectionalstudy
AT jonadams preconceptionhealthbeliefsandintentionspredictbehavioursamongexpectantmalepartnersacrosssectionalstudy
AT amiesteel preconceptionhealthbeliefsandintentionspredictbehavioursamongexpectantmalepartnersacrosssectionalstudy